Phosphorus Regeneration in Fresh‐Water Paramecia*

Buechler, D. G.; Dillon, Raymond D.

doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1974.tb03666.x

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Most studies have been confined to the temperate zone (Pace, 1982;Hunt & Chein, 1983;Gates, 1984;Gates & Lewg, 1984), and detailed data for a trophic gradient of lakes within the same geographical regions are clearly lacking. Ciliated protozoa can be a major microzooplankton component (Bays & Crisman, 1983;Pace, 1986), and their potential for nutrient regeneration within the water column has been recognized (Buechler & Dillon, 1965;Taylor & Lean, 1981). Several investigators in the temperate region suggest that temporal changes in ciliate populations are due to availability of food resources which are spatially enhanced by intense hypolimnetic microbial activity associated with thermal stratification (Pace & Orcutt, 1981;Pace, 1982;Psenner & Schlott-Idl, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of planktonic ciliated protozoa in 20 subtropical Florida lakes of varying trophic state

Beaver

Crisman

1990

Hydrobiologia

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The planktonic ciliate populations of 20 Florida lakes ranging from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic were examined monthly for one year. Oligotrophic lakes displayed abundance peaks during fall mixis and biomass peaks in late winter and fall. Mesotrophic systems exhibited a spring-fall bimodality in ciliate abundance with a biomass maxima occurring during fall. Eutrophic/hypereutrophic lakes had pronounced abundance and biomass maxima during summer, with the large ciliates Plagiopyla nasuta and Paramecium trichium often contributing heavily to the midsummer biomass peak. Members of the Oligotrichida numerically dominated abundance and biomass peaks in oligotrophic lakes while the Scuticociliatida dominated the communities of higher trophic states. Total ciliate abundance and biomass were strongly correlated with chlorophyll a concentrations as were various ciliate taxonomic groups. The relationship between ciliate seasonal distribution in these subtropical lakes with lake thermal regimes and trophic state is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of planktonic ciliated protozoa in 20 subtropical Florida lakes of varying trophic state

Beaver

Crisman

1990

Hydrobiologia

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“…Quantitative predictions of crustacean biomass can be made from indices of lake trophy, and numerous studies indicate that ciliated protozoa constitute a signif% cant portion of the microzooplankton community (Pace, 1986;Bays and C&man, 1983;Pace and Orcutt, 198 1). The smaller size and higher metabolic rate of ciliates dictate a substantial role in nutrient regeneration within the water column (Taylor and Lean, 1981;Buechler and Dillon, 1965), but only recently have protozoa been considered as a major link in the limnetic food web (Porter et al, 1979). Unfortunately, the taxonomic shifts within the ciliated microzooplankton community associated with increasing eutrophication have been described only generally (Beaver & Crisman, 1982), and their importance in food chain dynamics remains speculative (Beaver and Crisman, 1988a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the community structure of planktonic ciliated protozoa relative to trophic state in Florida lakes

Beaver

Crisman

1989

Hydrobiologia

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The planktonic ciliate populations of 30 Florida lakes constituting a broad trophic gradient were examined to determine the response of protozoan community structure to increasing eutrophication. Both ciliate abundance and biomass were strongly related to lake trophic state. Comparison of the Florida data base with a comparable north temperate lake group indicated that subtropical lakes generally possess higher ciliate abundance and biomass at a given trophic state than temperate lakes. However the equations derived for each data base were not significantly different. Community diversity and species richness increased with increasing lake productivity. Highly acidic lakes displayed significantly reduced diversity and numbers of species when contrasted with nonacidic oligotrophic lakes. Small-bodied (< 30 urn) ciliates dominated all lakes but were proportionally less important in oligotrophic lakes. Presence-absence data produced three assemblages: an ubiquitous association of primarily small ciliate taxa, a group of large ciliates mainly restricted to eutrophic-hypereutrophic lakes, and a very large ciliate, Stentor niger, which dominated the protozoan communities of acidic oligotrophic lakes.

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“…These results were criticized by Barsdate et al (1974) and Fenchel & Harrison (1976) on the grounds that bacteria rather than Protozoa were the main regenerators of nutrients and that the prime function of Protozoa was to keep bacteria in a state of 'physiological youth'. Additionally, Taylor & Lean (1981) argued that phosphorus turnover times for ciliates were significantly greater than those attained by Johannes (1965) and Buechler & Dillon (1974), and that, in general, the efficiency of nutrient incorporation by Protozoa was greater than that of Metazoa. The recent evidence that bacteria play a key role in recycling phosphorus from dissolved nucleotides (Ammerman & Azam 1985) has added further uncertainty as to which group of microbes plays the major role in regenerating nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient cycling in a microflagellate food chain: III. Phosphorus dynamics

Andersen¹,

Goldman²,

Caron³

et al. 1986

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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As part of a series of grazing experiments in batch cultures, we found that the phagotrophlc microflagellate Paraphysomonas imperforata, while grazing on the diatom Phaeodactylum tn'cornutum or bacteria, was responsible for the bulk of phosphorus regeneration. Regeneration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) was negligible in control cultures of the diatom alone, bacteria alone, or the 2 microbes together. When the m~croflagellate grazed on prey organisms that had been precultured with excess nutrients or under nitrogen limitation there was considerable regeneration of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP = SRP + DOP). Rates of TDP regeneration were greatest during exponential growth of the microflagellate and then decreased through the transition and stationary phases. Overall, up to 70 % of the phosphorus initially incorporated into prey biomass was regenerated through the stationary phase. Total excretion of DOP was about 15 to 20% of TDP, although DOP excretion made up a larger fraction of total phosphorus excretion for short periods during the exponential phase of growth. When the prey were phosphoruslimited virtually no TDP was excreted throughout the entire growth cycle of the microflagellate. Our results indicate that Protozoa have higher weight-specific rates of phosphorus excretion than do Metazoa. Although metabolic activity is not the sole indicator of the role Protozoa play in the nutrient regeneration process, our results, together with those from size-fractionation studies on nutrient regeneration, point toward a major role for Protozoa in pelagic waters where they constitute a large fraction of the zooplankton biomass.

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Phosphorus Regeneration in Fresh‐Water Paramecia*

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Seasonality of planktonic ciliated protozoa in 20 subtropical Florida lakes of varying trophic state

Seasonality of planktonic ciliated protozoa in 20 subtropical Florida lakes of varying trophic state

Analysis of the community structure of planktonic ciliated protozoa relative to trophic state in Florida lakes

Nutrient cycling in a microflagellate food chain: III. Phosphorus dynamics

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