Phosphorus Fractionation in Sediment Cores Collected In 2005 Before and After Onset of an Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Bloom in Upper Klamath Lake, OR, USA

Simon, N.S.; Lynch, Dennis D.; Gallaher, T. N.

doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0033-9

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Chem. Although chemical speciation of particulate phosphorus has not been quantified for sediments in the reconnected wetlands, it is dominated in the adjacent lake by organic complexes linked to settled A. flos-aquae [54] rather than inorganic adsorbates. As particulate phosphorus settles in the lake, it accumulates in the bottom sediments.…”

Section: Hypothesis 1: Wetlands As a Benthic-nutrient Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benthic flux of ammonia-particularly at elevated pH in the overlying water column-has toxicological implications for endangered fish populations in both lake and wetland environments. At elevated pH, precipitates and adsorbed forms of trace metals become more stable, thereby decreasing uncomplexed (i.e., more bioavailable) species [54,63,64]. Profiles were routinely taken within the 3 h after sunrise just before profiler retrieval; therefore, even higher pH values-indeed above ammonia's pK 1 of 9.3-may be expected (e.g., >9.5 pH values reported by Wood et al [25]) as solar energy elevates later in the day and phytoplankton accelerate their removal of dissolved inorganic carbon from the water column.…”

Section: Hypothesis 1: Wetlands As a Benthic-nutrient Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although WET was initially included as a control site, it was dominated by hardstem bulrush and cattail and represents a very different habitat from what is currently present at the reconnected wetland sites (TNC1 and TNC2). Aside from their importance in the transfer of energy and solutes from lower to higher trophic levels, benthic invertebrates have the potential to increase the benthic flux of solutes [16,54,79]. As a result, there was little expectation that over only three years the reconnected wetland sites would be similar to the WET sites in benthicinvertebrate species composition.…”

Section: Hypothesis 5: Benthic Invertebrates and Nutrient Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in benthic nutrient sources within a wetland after hydrologic reconnection

Kuwabara

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Carter

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Removing dams and levees to restore hydrologic connectivity and enhance ecosystem services such as nutrient removal has been an increasingly common management practice. In the present study, the authors assessed geochemical and biological changes following engineered levee breaches that reconnected eutrophic Upper Klamath Lake and Agency Lake, Oregon, USA, to an adjacent, historic wetland that had been under agricultural use for the last seven decades. Over the three-year study, the reconnected wetland served as a benthic source for both macronutrients (dissolved organic carbon [DOC], soluble reactive phosphorus [SRP], and ammonia) and micronutrients (dissolved iron and manganese). The magnitude of those benthic sources was similar to or greater than that of allochthonous sources. The highest DOC benthic flux to the water column occurred immediately after rewetting occurred. It then decreased during the present study to levels more similar to the adjacent lake. Dissolved ammonia fluxes, initially negative after the levee breaches, became consistently positive through the remainder of the study. Nitrate fluxes, also initially negative, became negligible two years after the levee breaches. In contrast to previous laboratory studies, SRP fluxes remained positive, as did fluxes of dissolved iron and manganese. Our results indicate that the timescales of chemical changes following hydrologic reconnection of wetlands are solute-specific and in some cases extend for multiple years beyond the reconnection event. During the present study, colonization of the reconnected wetlands by aquatic benthic invertebrates gradually generated assemblages similar to those in a nearby wetland refuge and provided further evidence of the multiyear transition of this area to permanent aquatic habitat. Such timescales should be considered when developing water-quality management strategies to achieve wetland-restoration goals.

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Section: Hypothesis 1: Wetlands As a Benthic-nutrient Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesis 1: Wetlands As a Benthic-nutrient Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypothesis 5: Benthic Invertebrates and Nutrient Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in benthic nutrient sources within a wetland after hydrologic reconnection

Kuwabara

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Carter

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Understanding the size and availability of the nutrient pools in the sediments is therefore of critical importance in predicting how and when lake ecosystems will respond to changes in external loading (Nürnberg 1984;Marsden 1989;Lijklema et al 1993;Ramm and Scheps 1997;Gonsiorczyk et al 1998;Wu et al 2001;Zhou et al 2001;Kaiserli et al 2002;Spears et al 2007;Zhou et al 2008;Simon et al 2009). The mechanisms implicated in short-term laboratory or in situ studies cannot in general be extrapolated to long-term phosphorus (P) retention in natural sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pool of mobile and immobile phosphorus in sediments of the large, shallow Lake Peipsi over the last 100 years

Kapanen

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Temporal variations in sediment phosphorus (P) composition and mobility were estimated in surface sediments of accumulation (core PS509 44 cm) and erosion (core PS2009 30 cm) areas of the shallow, large Lake Peipsi sensu stricto (s.s.; 2611 km(2), unregulated water level). The P pool in sediments including buried and mobile P is evaluated for the first time, which will provide baseline data for the future modelling of internal loading in L. Peipsi. Five sedimentary P fractions (including inorganic and nonreactive P) were separately quantified: loosely adsorbed and pore-water P (NaCl-P); redox-sensitive fraction P (NaBD-P); P bound to oxides of non-reducible Fe and Al (NaOH-P); calcium-bound P, mainly from apatite minerals (HCl-P) and refractory, mainly organic P (Res-P). Concentrations of P fractions varied during the 100 years with the highest values around 2007-2008 and 1923-1935. The P in "active" layers that are available for bacteria and algae or those undergoing changes and diagenetic transformations in the sediment could follow sediments with the water content of ∼88%. Potentially mobile P is not decreased in the sediments deposited 50-100 years ago and makes up ca 63 mg m(-2) y(-1) (with range 8.3-23.7% of the total P (TP)) in the accumulation area, and ca 0.047 mg cm(-3) (with range 1.3-22.4% of TP) in the erosion area. The result shows that 13-60% of TP contained in the surface sediment (from 34 to 398 mg P m(-2) y(-1)) has been remobilised during accumulation and could be exported to the overlying water.

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“…The SEDEX (1992) method was originally developed for use with marine sediments (Ruttenberg 1992) and is now also used for sequential extraction of P from freshwater sediments (Ruban et al 1999b;Simon et al 2009). This method is the best option for the biogeochemical research as it is capable of separating CFAP from FAP, which is an important distinction as authigenic CFAP represents an oceanic sink for reactive P and detrital FAP does not.…”

Section: Recommendationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential extraction procedures for the determination of phosphorus forms in sediment

et al. 2013

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This article summarizes the main extraction methods for sedimentary phosphorus (P) determination. With sequential chemical extractions, P is supposed to be selectively removed from different compounds in the sediments. Extraction schemes using strong acids and alkaline solutions have been tested on different sediments and found not to extract well-defined fractions. In addition, several systematic errors in these schemes have been detected. Thus, these schemes have been modified and simplified accordingly. The Standards Measurements and Testing Program of the European Commission (SMT) method is a popular modification of these extraction schemes, as it is simple to handle, allows laboratories to achieve reproducible results and could provide a useful tool for routine use by water managers. The SEDEX (sequential extraction method) method, another popular modification, is widely applied in biogeochemical research as it can separate authigenic carbonate fluorapatite from fluorapatite. Other chemical extractions using chelating compounds have attempted to extract P bound with iron and calcium in sediments without disturbing claybound or organic P, the purpose being to determine the algal-available non-apatite, apatite and organic fractions of sediment P. All extraction procedures still yield operationally defined fractions and cannot be used for identification of discrete P compounds. Future modifications of the extraction scheme should aim to achieve better extraction efficiency and selectivity, simple handling techniques and methods that can prevent the extracted P from being re-adsorbed onto Fe(OOH) and CaCO3. Abstract: This paper summarizes the main extraction methods for sedimentary phosphorus (P) determination. With sequential chemical extractions, P is supposed to be selectively removed from different compounds in the sediments. The extraction schemes using strong acids and alkaline solutions have been tested on different sediments, and found not to extract well defined fractions. In addition, several systematic errors in these schemes have been detected. Then these schemes have been modified and simplified accordingly. The SMT (Standards Measurements and Testing Program of the European Commission) method is a popular modification of these extraction schemes, as it is simple to handle, suitable to allow laboratories to achieve reproducible results and could provide a useful tool for water managers on a routine basis. The SEDEX (sequential extraction method) method, another popular modification, is widely applied in the biogeochemical research as it is capable of separating authigenic carbonate fluorapatite (CFAP) from fluorapatite (FAP). Other chemical extractions using chelating compounds have attempted to extract P bound with iron and calcium in sediments without disturbing clay-bound or organic P, the purpose being to determine the algal-available non-apatite, apatite and organic fractions of sediment P. All extraction procedures still yield operationally defined fractions and cannot be used for ide...

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Phosphorus Fractionation in Sediment Cores Collected In 2005 Before and After Onset of an Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Bloom in Upper Klamath Lake, OR, USA

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Changes in benthic nutrient sources within a wetland after hydrologic reconnection

Changes in benthic nutrient sources within a wetland after hydrologic reconnection

Pool of mobile and immobile phosphorus in sediments of the large, shallow Lake Peipsi over the last 100 years

Sequential extraction procedures for the determination of phosphorus forms in sediment

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