Phosphorus-doping-induced kinetics modulation for nitrogen-doped carbon mesoporous nanotubes as superior alkali metal anode beyond lithium for high-energy potassium-ion hybrid capacitors

Li, Jie; Yu, Lai; Li, Yapeng; Wang, Gongrui; Zhao, Liping; Peng, Bo; Zeng, Suyuan; Shi, Liang; Zhang, Genqiang

doi:10.1039/d0nr06888h

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Three typical nitrogen peaks, corresponding to pyridinic‐N (N‐6, 398.2 eV), pyrrolic‐N (N‐5, 400.5 eV), and graphite‐N (N−Q, 403 eV) were observed for both samples (Figure 2(e) and Figure S5) [17b,19c,28] . Correspondingly, the peak position of the N 1s spectra shifted to a higher binding energy from 399.32 to 400.38 eV after the incorporation of P into the carbon nanotubes [15] . In Figure 2(f), the peaks of the P 2p XPS spectrum appeared at 133.6 eV and 134.5 eV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A reversible storage capacity of 162 mA h g −1 and the CE close to 100 % could be still obtained over such a long‐time cycling, indicating good cycle stability of the PNCNTs electrode in PIBs. The electrochemical performance for PIBs of PNCNTs was better than most of the reported carbon anodes (Table S1), [1b,11e,14–15,31,33] reflecting the excellent advantages of PNCNTs as anode materials for PIBs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The presence of characteristic peaks of N and P in the survey spectrum (Figure 2c) indicated that P atom was successfully doped into N‐doped carbon nanotubes after phosphating process, confirming the result of elemental mapping. As shown in Figure 2(d), the high resolution C 1s XPS spectrum of PNCNTs could be divided into four peaks, of which 284.6 eV corresponded to C−C/C=C bonds, 285.1 eV associated with C−P bond, and the peak located at 286.1 eV assigned to C−N bond [15,19c] . Other than of these, a weak peak of C−O bond was observed at 287.5 eV, which was probably owing to the absorption of oxygen or carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, increasing the proportion of capacity controlled pseudo‐capacitance in capacity by heteroatom doping, can improve the capacity and ameliorate the rate performance of the material [11] . This is mainly because these substituted heteroatoms (such as N ,[8b,11a,11d,12] S, [13] B, [11c] O, [9,14] P, [11e,15] and F [11b,16] ) generally can optimize the electronic conductivity of the material, modify its electronic structure, provide more electrochemically active sites and expand interlayer spacing [10,17] . In the research of heteroatom‐doped carbon‐based anode materials for PIBs, the most is to introduce more defects and active sites into the carbon skeleton through N‐doping to improve the electronic conductivity of the material, provide potassium ion storage and faster reaction kinetics [12,17b,18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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P/N Co‐doped Carbon Nanotubes with Dominated Capacity‐controlled Absorption Effect Enabling Superior Potassium Storage

et al. 2021

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Carbonaceous materials are considered to be the most promising anode materials of Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs). However, for most carbon‐based PIBs anode materials reported so far, they usually deliver low reversible capacities, insufficient cycle life and poor rate capability. In this work, we report a novel P/N co‐doped carbon nanotube (PNCNTs) material as the anode material for PIBs. The material with fully exposed active edges and open fast ion/electron transfer structure can effectively shorten the K+ transfer distance. Furthermore, the P/N co‐doping provides abundant electrochemical active adsorption sites and extended interlayer spacing, which facilitates the rapid insertion/removal of K+, increases the surface charge capacity and maintains the structural stability of the electrode material. As expected, when used as the anode material for PIBs, PNCNTs exhibited a high specific capacity (612.2 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1), excellent rate capability (190, 183 and 165 mA h g−1 at 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 A g−1 after 500 cycles, respectively) as well as remarkable long‐term cycling stability (162 mA h g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 after 1400 cycles). Through further kinetic analysis and a simple first‐principles calculation, we revealed the dominated capacity‐controlled absorption mechanism of potassium storage in PNCNTs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

P/N Co‐doped Carbon Nanotubes with Dominated Capacity‐controlled Absorption Effect Enabling Superior Potassium Storage

et al. 2021

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“…CV curves ( Figure a) were measured to analyze kinetic behavior. [ 46 ] The Li + storage contribution including the surface capacitive (the charge transfer in the surface) and diffusion contribution (the lithiation process). The fitting curves of the log v – log i are shown in Figure 5b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

P‐Doped Ni/NiO Heterostructured Yolk‐Shell Nanospheres Encapsulated in Graphite for Enhanced Lithium Storage

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2021

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The development of high‐efficiency lithium‐ion battery electrodes composed of recycled materials is crucial for the commercialization of retired batteries, but it remains a significant barrier. The usage and recycling of spent graphite are encouraged by the huge number of batteries that are going to be dismantled. Here, an anode made of phosphorus‐doped Ni/NiO yolk‐shell nanospheres embedded on wasted graphite is developed. Electroless deposition and a subsequent heat‐treatment procedure are used to make it in a methodical manner. The internal vacuum space of the nanospheres mitigates volume expansion and facilitates Li+ diffusion, whereas the embedded metallic Ni and conductive graphite layer expedite charge transfer. The optimal reusable composite electrode is ecologically benign and has high specific capacities (724 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) as well as outstanding cycle stability (500 cycles). The unusual 3D sandwich‐like arrangement with strong spent graphite, the yolk‐shell hetero‐structure, continuous electron/ion transport routes, and attractive structure stability all contribute to this degree of performance. Such a nanoscale design and engineering strategy not only provides a green recovery method for anode graphite, but also enlightens other nanocomposites to boost their lithium storage performance.

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Nitrogen‐Doped Accordion‐Like Soft Carbon Anodes with Exposed Hierarchical Pores for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Soft carbon (SC) is a promising anode material for potassium‐ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs), but there are limited K+ storage sites in common SC due to a skin‐like carbon film covering on the surface. To address this issue, a simple oxidization method to completely remove the skin‐like carbon film is reported and a novel accordion‐like architecture of SC (ASC) is constructed with a hierarchical porous framework composed of micropores, mesopores, and macropores, all of which can be exposed to K+ electrolytes for enhanced energy storage. Importantly, this exposed structure facilitates pseudocapacitance modification by electro‐deposition of highly electrochemically active nitrogen‐doped graphene quantum dots (N‐GQDs) to enhance kinetic performance and additional K+ storage. After annealing treatment to regulate N‐doping type, the accordion‐like N‐GQD@ASC‐500 exhibits excellent reversible capacity of 360 mAh g−1 as well as superior rate capability and cycle stability. Kinetic, in situ Raman/electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, and density functional theory calculation elucidate the K+ storage mechanism. As expected, the PIHC assembled with N‐GQD@ASC‐500 anode and porous carbon cathode delivers an ultrahigh energy/power density (171 Wh kg−1 and 20 000 W kg−1) with long cycle life. This work suggests that ASC is a promising anode material for designing of high‐performance PIHCs.

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Phosphorus-doping-induced kinetics modulation for nitrogen-doped carbon mesoporous nanotubes as superior alkali metal anode beyond lithium for high-energy potassium-ion hybrid capacitors

Abstract: PNC-MeNTs have been fabricated by a template-assisted method and carbonization treatment, and they exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance for Na+/K+ storage.

Cited by 51 publications

References 65 publications

P/N Co‐doped Carbon Nanotubes with Dominated Capacity‐controlled Absorption Effect Enabling Superior Potassium Storage

P/N Co‐doped Carbon Nanotubes with Dominated Capacity‐controlled Absorption Effect Enabling Superior Potassium Storage

P‐Doped Ni/NiO Heterostructured Yolk‐Shell Nanospheres Encapsulated in Graphite for Enhanced Lithium Storage

Nitrogen‐Doped Accordion‐Like Soft Carbon Anodes with Exposed Hierarchical Pores for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors

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