Phosphorus-doped porous carbons as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction

Wu, Jiao; Yang, Zhijuan; Li, Xiaowei; Sun, Qijun; Jin, Chao; Strasser, Peter; Yang, Ruizhi

doi:10.1039/c3ta11849e

Cited by 232 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Evidently, the presence of doping substances hampers the formation of the ordered carbon structure in the self-assembly step resulting in the overall surface area reduction. Concerning the effect of the doping on S BET , divergent results can be found in the literature: Reduction in S BET upon doping was found in [21,24] while increase in S BET was found in some other references [23,63]. Obviously, the effect ultimately depends on the specific synthesis procedure.…”

Section: N 2 Physisorption Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effects of a Low-Level Boron, Phosphorus, and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Activity of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons

et al. 2015

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In order to elucidate the role of B, N, and P dopants in carbon materials on the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and to provide a fair comparison of the effects of each dopant, a series of ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) with low concentration of heteroatoms (< 1 at%) has been prepared. Doped OMCs were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and N-2 physisorption measurements. Comparative study of the ORR activity of these materials in alkaline solution was performed using rotating disk electrode voltammetry. The experiments evidenced that, compared to non-doped OMC, charge transfer kinetics was improved independently on the nature of the heteroatom. The decrease of the ORR overvoltage and the increase of the mass activity upon doping are similar for B and P and less prominent for N. On the other hand, OMCs doped with low levels of B and N were found to be selective for O-2 reduction to peroxide, while for P-doped OMCs, the apparent number of electrons consumed per O-2 molecule was up to 3.1. Experimental measurements were complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations

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Section: N 2 Physisorption Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effects of a Low-Level Boron, Phosphorus, and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Activity of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons

et al. 2015

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“…Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important process in an electrochemical energy conversion and a four-electron reaction is desirable to take place for a given catalyst in order to achieve good electrocatalytic performance. In recent years, the transition metals such as Mn [2], Fe [3,4], Co [5], Ni [6], Cu [7] and the heteroatom dopants B [8], N [9,10], P [11,12], S [13,14], Se [15] have been reported to modify the catalytic properties of various carbon materials including amorphous carbon, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, which arouse a great deal of interest for the research and development of non-noble catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Synthesis of High Activity FeSe2/C Catalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Zheng

Cheng

2015

Catalysts

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Abstract:The carbon supported iron selenide catalysts (FeSe2/C) were prepared with various selenium to iron ratios (Se/Fe), namely, Se/Fe = 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.0, through facile microwave route by using ferrous oxalate (FeC2O4·2H2O) and selenium dioxide (SeO2) as precursors. Accordingly, effects of Se/Fe ratio on the crystal structure, crystallite size, microstructure, surface composition and electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of FeSe2/C in an alkaline medium were systematically investigated. The results revealed that all the FeSe2/C catalysts obtained with the Se/Fe ratios of 2.0-4.0 exhibited almost pure orthogonal FeSe2 structure with the estimated mean crystallite sizes of 32.9-36.2 nm. The electrocatalytic activities in potassium hydroxide solutions were higher than those in perchloric acid solutions, and two peak potentials or two plateaus responded to ORR were observed from cyclic voltammograms and polarization curves, respectively. The ORR potentials of 0.781-0.814 V with the electron transfer numbers of 3.3-3.9 at 0.3 V could be achieved as the Se/Fe ratios varied from 2.0 to 4.0. The Fe and Se were presented at the surface of FeSe2/C upon further reduction on FeSe2. The Se/Fe ratios slightly influenced the degree of graphitization in carbon support and the amount of active sites for ORR. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2015, 5 1080

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“…Similar to the combination of B-doping (or N-doping) and porous structures, P-doping is used in combination with porous structures in the development of carbon-containing bifunctional composite catalysts for MABs [63][64][65]. Using a sol-gel polymerization method followed by pyrolysis and P-doping, Wu et al [63] developed a low-cost and highly active P-doped carbon xerogel electrocatalyst to examine the effects of P-doping and porous structures on ORR.…”

Section: Other Heteroatom-doped Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Carbon-Composited Materials as Air-Electrode Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Metal–Air Batteries

Wang

Fang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Electrochem. Energ. Rev.

182

101

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Metal-air batteries (MABs), particularly rechargeable MABs, have gained renewed interests as a potential energy storage/conversion solution due to their high specific energy, low cost, and safety. The development of MABs has, however, been considerably hampered by its relatively low rate capability and its lack of efficient and stable air catalysts in which the former stems mainly from the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the latter stems from the corrosion/oxidation of carbon materials in the presence of oxygen and high electrode potentials. In this review, various carbon-composited bifunctional electrocatalysts are reviewed to summarize progresses in the enhancement of ORR/OER and durability induced by the synergistic effects between carbon and other component(s). Catalyst mechanisms of the reaction processes and associated performance enhancements as well as technical challenges hindering commercialization are also analyzed. To facilitate further research and development, several research directions for overcoming these challenges are also proposed.

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Phosphorus-doped porous carbons as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction

Cited by 232 publications

References 53 publications

The Effects of a Low-Level Boron, Phosphorus, and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Activity of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons

The Effects of a Low-Level Boron, Phosphorus, and Nitrogen Doping on the Oxygen Reduction Activity of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons

Microwave Synthesis of High Activity FeSe2/C Catalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

A Review of Carbon-Composited Materials as Air-Electrode Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Metal–Air Batteries

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