Phosphorus-containing silane modified steel slag waste to reduce fire hazards of rigid polyurethane foams

Tang, Gang; Liu, Xinliang; Yang, Yadong; Chen, Depeng; Zhang, Hao; Zhou, Lin; Zhang, Ping; Jiang, Haohao; Deng, Dan

doi:10.1016/j.apt.2020.01.019

Cited by 80 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As widely known, poor flame retardancy is a disadvantage of most polymers. By contrast with hydrocarbon polymers 3,4 and thermoplastic elastomers, 5,6 PC shows the capability of self‐carbonation due to its aromatic rigid main chain backbone, which improves the flame retardancy of PC to a limited extent 7 . Generally, PC passes the V‐2 rating of the UL94 flame rating vertical burning test, while the limit oxygen index (LOI) reaches 22–25% 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

Feng

Qian

Lu³

2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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To meet the increasingly stringent requirements for the excellent fire safety, low addition, low cost, and good mechanical properties for polycarbonate (PC), a novel aromatic polyimide (API) charring agent was synthesized and used synergistically with hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCTP) to flame‐retardant (FR) PC. The incorporated API and HPCTP improved FR performance and the fracture toughness of the PC, simultaneously. The 4H‐2A passed the UL94 V‐0 rating with a limited oxygen index of 32.5%. Moreover, the heat release rate of the PC was also suppressed significantly by the dense and strengthening carbon layer. The mechanism of synergistic charring effect of API and HPCTP were analyzed: In the initial and developing stages of combustion (below 450°C), the quenching effect and dilution effect of HPCTP played a major role in flame retardancy; and due to the barrier function of the highly graphitized char layer, the combustion process rapidly enters weakening stages (above 450°C) and finally extinguishes. Moreover, it was founded that API improved the antiimpact performance of PC matrix, which offsets the negative effect of HPCTP on the impact performance of PC matrix.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

Feng

Qian

Lu³

2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…(Tang et al, 2020b;Tang et al, 2020c). This type of flame retardant usually needs to be compounded with carbon sources such as expanded graphite (Tang et al, 2020a). Most of them are additive-type flame retardants, which require a large amount of addition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Bamboo Flour on Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polypropylene/Ammonium Polyphosphate Composites

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Mater.

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“…Thus, numerous research studies toward good fire-resistance PUFs by using halogen-free FRs in single use or a combination have been carried out. 22 − 24 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Investigation of the Behavior of Polyurethane Foams Based on Conventional Polyol and Oligo-Ester-Ether-Diol from Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate): Fireproof Performances, Thermal Stabilities, and Physicomechanical Properties

Pham

Nguyen

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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The chemical recycling of postconsumer poly-(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) bottles to produce highly thermally stable polyurethane foam (r-PUF) with excellent flame-retardant (FR) performance could be applied on an industrial scale to create a sustainable recycling industry. The advantage of oligo-ester-ether-diol obtained from waste PET glycolysis is its application in r-PUF, generating a durable foam with excellent fire resistance at rather low loadings of phosphorus− nitrogen FRs (P−N FRs), especially in high moisture environments. Compared to polyurethane foam from commercial polyol (c-PUF), r-PUF is notably more thermally stable and efficient in terms of flame retardancy, even without adding FRs. By incorporating 15 php diammonium phosphate (DAP) as a P−N FR, r-PUF/DAP self-extinguished 5 s after the removal of the 2nd flame application with a limited oxygen index value of 24%. However, for c-PUF, a much higher DAP (30 php) loading did not exhibit any rating in the vertical burning test. The aromatic moiety in the oligo-ester-ether-diol structure strongly enhanced the compressive strength and thermal stability. The positive outcomes of this study also confirmed that the r-PUF/DAP prepared from oligo-ester-ether-diol not only satisfied the fire safety requirements of polymer applications but also contained a high percentage of postconsumer PET, which could help reduce the amount of recycled polymer materials and improve waste management.

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Phosphorus-containing silane modified steel slag waste to reduce fire hazards of rigid polyurethane foams

Cited by 80 publications

References 51 publications

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

Synergistic effect of polyimide charring agent and hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene on improving fire safety of polycarbonate: High graphitization to strengthen the char layer

Effect of Bamboo Flour on Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Polypropylene/Ammonium Polyphosphate Composites

Comprehensive Investigation of the Behavior of Polyurethane Foams Based on Conventional Polyol and Oligo-Ester-Ether-Diol from Waste Poly(ethylene terephthalate): Fireproof Performances, Thermal Stabilities, and Physicomechanical Properties

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