Phosphorus-Containing Macrocyclic Ionophores in Metal Ion Separations

Transition metal cations extraction by ester and ketone derivatives of chromogenic azocalix[4]arenes

“…Despite the complexation of transition metal cations being favoured by the introduction of softer donor atoms, such as nitrogen [4,5], sulphur [6], or phosphorus [7], ligands with harder oxygen atoms also bind those cations. These calix[n]arenes bear phenoxy and carbonyl oxygens as the ligating sites, and include vic-dioximes [8,9], hydroxamates [10], amides [11], carboxylic acids [12], esters [13], and ketones [14].…”

5f-Element complexes with a p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene bearing phosphinoyl pendant arms: Separation from rare earths and structural studies

“…Therefore, complexes with weakly a-emitting, long half-life radio-elements such as uranium [2][3][4][5][6] and tetravalent thorium [7] have been the most studied while lanthanide ions (Ln), in an indirect way, have afforded knowledge on the chemical behavior of trivalent actinides [8,9]. Thorium coordination chemistry is also well documented, both with respect to hydration and hydrolysis [10], complexes with oxygen-and nitrogen-donor ligands [7], macrocyclic complexes [11][12][13], and even quadruple-stranded helicates [14].…”

“…Effectiveness of these macrocycles in the treatment of radioactive wastes containing lanthanides, actinides, alkaline, and alkaline earths has been practically demonstrated [27]. Few calixarene complexes with thorium have been reported [11,21] while phosphorylated calixarenes have been successfully used for thorium extraction [11,13,17,18,25,26].…”

Synthesis, Derivatisation and Structural Characterisation of a New Macrobicyclic Phosphane Oxide Cryptand

“…The corresponding phosphane oxides could also play a role as ionophores. [3] Tsuji et al pointed out that large bowl-shaped phosphane ligands were highly effective in C-C bond forming reactions, and the depth of the bowl affected the catalytic activity considerably; in general, the deeper bowl ligands were more effective than the shallower ones. [1] The application of chiral phosphane ligands with a pronounced cavity has also been reported for asymmetric metal-catalysed allylic alkylations.…”