Phosphorus and Ammonium Concentrations in Surface Runoff from Grasslands Fertilized with Broiler Litter

Pierson, S. T.; Cabrera, M. L.; Evanylo, Gregory K.; Kuykendall, H. A.; Hoveland, C. S.; McCann, Mark A.; West, L. T.

doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3051784x

Cited by 119 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In a grazed bermudagrass/ tall fescue pasture in the Piedmont of Georgia, water runoff volume (13% of rainfall) was not affected whether pastures were grazed continuously or rotationally (3 days grazed and 21 days rested) 7 . During a total of 4 years of this same study, water runoff volume was 15 -4% of rainfall that occurred in 23 -5 events per year 8 . We have been investigating the effects of harvest and nutrient-source treatments on various soil, plant and animal responses in the Piedmont of Georgia to understand the relationships between productivity and conservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

Franzluebbers

Stuedemann

Franklin

2011

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Surface-soil structural condition in perennial pastures is expected to be modified by how forage is (a) harvested through haying or grazing and (b) stimulated through source of nutrients applied, as well as by compactive forces, e.g., grazing cattle or hay harvest machinery. Changes in surface-soil condition can affect hydrologic processes that have important implications for plant growth, greenhouse gas emissions and off-site water quality. We determined the effects of harvest management and nutrient source on the rate of ponded water infiltration and penetration resistance in a bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]/tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb. S.J. Darbyshire) pasture on a Typic Kanhapludult in Georgia. During a period when soil was wet (61% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration was 2.8 ± 1.5 times greater when forage was left unharvested as when hayed or grazed (mean ± standard deviation among nine nutrient source × harvest management comparisons). During a subsequent period, when soil was dry (28% water-filled pore space), the rate of water infiltration followed the same treatment pattern, but was not statistically different among harvest-management practices (1.5 ± 0.4 times greater between unharvested and other systems). Penetration resistance of the surface at 10 cm depth followed the order: unharvested (62 J) < hayed (100 J) < low grazing pressure (119 J) < high grazing pressure (137 J). Water infiltration during the wet period was negatively related (P ⩽ 0.01) to soil-water content (r = − 0.57), penetration resistance at 0–10 cm depth (r = − 0.50) and bulk density at 3–6 cm depth (r = − 0.53), but was positively related to surface residue C (r = 0.47) and soil organic C concentration at 12–20 cm depth (r = 0.42). These results suggest that complex soil physical (i.e., aggregation, penetration resistance and infiltration) and biological (i.e., plant growth, surface residues and soil organic matter) interactions occur in pastures. We conclude that well-managed grazing systems with excellent ground cover should have adequate hydrologic condition to promote pasture productivity and limit environmental contamination from runoff. Further work is needed to understand the linkages between field- and watershed-scale hydrology in perennial pastures and their implications on water quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

Franzluebbers

Stuedemann

Franklin

2011

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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“…Previous research has shown that there is a direct relationship between STP and P concentrations in overland flow from noncalcareous and calcareous soil, and this relationship can be useful for environmental purposes (Pote et al 1999;Pierson et al 2001;Fang et al 2002;Torbert et al 2002). It has been noted that soil test P does not necessarily correlate well with P losses (Buczko and Kuchenbuch 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating phosphorus loading from repeated manure applications to two Saskatchewansoils

Stumborg¹,

Schoenau²

2008

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Stumborg, C. and Schoenau, J. J. 2008. Evaluating phosphorus loading from repeated manure applications to two Saskatchewan soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 88: 377Á387. An understanding of the impact of repeated manure additions on soil phosphorus (P) is needed to determine appropriate manure application rates for prairie soils and manure sources. The objective of this study was to assess the loading of manure-derived phosphorus using P budgets and soil P measurement techniques applied to two Saskatchewan soils with known histories of manure application. Liquid hog manure (LHM) and solid cattle manure (SCM) treatments were applied annually over 8 yr to Black Chernozemic soils (Dixon site), and LHM was applied to Dark Brown Chernozemic soils (Plenty site) over 6 yr. Soil samples were collected in the spring of 2003 and 2004 and analyzed for labile P (Modified Kelowna extractable, Olsen extractable, water extractable, and Plant Root Simulator exchange resin methods) and total P. The P budgets were in good agreement with the observed patterns in labile soil P at the two sites. The annual application of LHM (37 000 L ha Á1 yr Á1) at agronomic nitrogen (N) rates with no additional P fertilizer (Dixon only) did not significantly elevate soil labile P compared with the unfertilized controls at both Dixon and Plenty. The annual application of SCM (7.6 Mg ha Á1 yr Á1 ) at agronomic N rates did not significantly elevate soil labile P compared with the unfertilized control at Dixon; whereas application of SCM at higher rates (15.2 Mg ha Á1 yr Á1and 30.4 Mg ha Á1 yr Á1 ) showed some elevation in labile soil P. Measures of labile P were sensitive to P surpluses or deficits predicted by P balances, and all methods of measuring labile soil P were strongly correlated with one another at both sites (r ]0.803 at P50.01).Key words: Manure, cattle manure, nitrogen, phosphorus, soil test phosphorus Stumborg, C. et Schoenau, J. J. 2008. É valuation de la charge de phosphore re´sultant d'applications re´pe´te´es de fumier sur deux sols de la Saskatchewan. Can. J. Soil Sci. 88: 377Á387. Il faut comprendre l'impact de l'addition re´pe´te´e de fumier sur la concentration de phosphore (P) dans le sol si l'on veut e´tablir les taux d'application approprie´s pour cet amendement sur les sols des prairies en fonction des sources de fumier. L'e´tude devait e´valuer la charge de phosphore re´sultant du fumier ap artir du bilan du P et de techniques de mesure du P du sol sur deux sols de la Saskatchewan historiquement bonifie´s avec du fumier. Les auteurs ont applique´annuellement du lisier de porc (LP) et du fumier solide de bovins (FSB) a`des tchernozioms noirs (site Dixon) pendant 8 ans, ainsi que du LP a`des tchernozioms brun fonce´(site Plenty) pendant 6 ans. Le bilan du P concorde bien avec les tendances observe´es au niveau de la concentration de P labile aux deux sites. L'application de LP (37 000 L par hectare annuellement) aux taux d'application agronomiques de l'azote (N), sans ajout d'engrais P (site Dixon seulement), n'accroıˆt pas signific...

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“…Pierson et al (2001) reportaron pérdidas anuales de 1.5 a 13.5 kg·ha -1 de N en la escorrentía, en el sur de Georgia, EE.UU. Estos autores indican que las pérdidas de nitrógeno dependen del volumen de la escorrentía y las concentraciones presentes del elemento.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Pierson et al (2001) reported annual losses of 1.5 to 13.5 kg·ha -1 of N in runoff in southern Georgia, USA. These authors indicate that nitrogen losses depend on the volume of runoff and concentrations of the element present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentraciones de nitrógeno en la precipitación y escorrentíade parcelas con manejo orgánico y convencional

Cristóbal-Acevedo

Hernández-Acosta

Álvarez-Sánchez

et al. 2015

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la concentración y la cantidad de nitratos (NO3-), amonio (NH4+) y nitrógeno mineral (Nmin = NO3- + NH4+) en el agua de precipitación y escorrentía de seis parcelas en Texcoco, Estado de México, durante la temporada de lluvias de los años 2001 y 2010. Para ello, se prepararon seis parcelas de escurrimiento con cultivo de maíz; tres con manejo convencional (MC) y tres con manejo orgánico (MO). Del año 2001 a 2010, las concentraciones promedio de NO3-, NH4+ y Nmin en la precipitación incrementaron a 1.307, 0.833 y 2.140 mg·L-1, respectivamente. Los valores mínimos de NO3-, NH4+ y Nmin también aumentaron a 0.550, 0.970 y 1.640 mg·L-1, respectivamente. En la escorrentía, las concentraciones medias de NO3- en los años 2001 y 2010 fueron mayores con el MC, mientras que las concentraciones de NH4 + fueron más pequeñas. Debido a que en Texcoco, el incremento poblacional del año 2000 al 2010 fue de 31,049 habitantes, se concluyó que el crecimiento poblacional y el desarrollo de la zona tuvieron efecto sobre las cantidades de nitrógeno en la precipitación, y que el MO fue una alternativa para reducir las salidas de nitrógeno por escorrentía.

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Phosphorus and Ammonium Concentrations in Surface Runoff from Grasslands Fertilized with Broiler Litter

Cited by 119 publications

References 18 publications

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

Water infiltration and surface-soil structural properties as influenced by animal traffic in the Southern Piedmont USA

Evaluating phosphorus loading from repeated manure applications to two Saskatchewansoils

Concentraciones de nitrógeno en la precipitación y escorrentíade parcelas con manejo orgánico y convencional

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