Phosphorous-jointed epoxidized soybean oil and rice husk-based silica as the novel additives for improvement mechanical and flame retardant of epoxy resin

Abstract

The combined effects of phosphorous-jointed epoxidized soybean oil and rice husk–based silica on the flammability and mechanical properties of epoxy resin were examined in detail. The chemical structures of the epoxidized soybean oil, phosphorous-jointed epoxidized soybean oil, and rice husk–based silica were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Many characteristics of the obtained composite materials were examined, such as the tensile properties, impact strength, flexural strength, critical stress intensity factor (KIC), dynamic mechanical analysis, and flammability. The incorporation of both 10 phr phosphorous-jointed epoxidized soybean oil and 20 phr rice husk–based silica into the epoxy resin yielded the optimum values of the flexural strength, tensile strength, impact strength, and KIC, with increases of 87.78%, 67.23%, 109.34%, and 111.32%, respectively, compared with pristine samples. The limiting oxygen index increased from 23.1% to 29.3%, the peak heat-release rate decreased by up to 37.2%, and the sample satisfied the UL94 V-0 rating.

Recent Progress of Rice Husk Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review

“…The formation of an insulative char layer was also the reason why the addition of clay improved the flame retardant properties of a PVC–RH composite studied by Dutta and Maji [ 76 ]. Vu et al [ 84 ] and Vu and Bach [ 85 ] studied RH-based silica added to epoxy with the addition of phosphorus-jointed epoxidized oil (DOPO-J-ESO). They found that thick char layers were formed by the combination of a hydroxyl group in the silica and the phosphaphenanthrene group of the DOPO-J-ESO, which improved the flame retardance of the composite.…”

Metal-Free Click Modification of Triple Bond-Containing Polyester with Azide-Functionalized Vegetable Oil: Plasticization and Tunable Solvent Adsorption

“…Furthermore, a new peak appeared at 3.0–2.8 ppm that was attributed to the characteristic protons of the epoxide rings. 45 , 47 , 48 After the azidation reaction, these epoxy proton peaks almost disappeared because of the ring-opening reaction and shifted to 3.2 and 3.5 ppm. 47 , 51 The former peak stemmed from the protons adjacent to the azide groups and the latter peak was due to the protons neighboring the −OH groups.…”

Rice husk as a fibre in composites: A review

“…The studies revealed that RH can be a replacement for plastics by improving their mechanical properties and can help in environment safeguarding. Surface modified RH also showed better properties in terms of hardness and wa-ter absorption and as such can be used in packaging industries [83].…”