Phosphorization Engineering on Metal–Organic Frameworks for Quasi‐Solid‐State Asymmetry Supercapacitors

Abstract

Porous carbon and metal oxides/sulfides prepared by using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as the precursors have been widely applied to the realm of supercapacitors. However, employing MOF‐derived metal phosphides as positive and negative electrode materials for supercapacitors has scarcely been reported thus far. Herein, two types of MOFs are used as the precursors to prepare CoP and FeP4 nanocubes through a two‐step controllable heat treatment process. Due to the advantages of composition and structure, the specific capacitances of FeP4 and CoP nanocubes reach 345 and 600 F g−1 at the current density of 1 A g−1, respectively. Moreover, a quasi‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled based on charge matching principle by employing CoP and FeP4 nanocubes as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, which exhibits a high energy density of 46.38 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 695 W kg−1. Furthermore, a solar‐charging power system is assembled by combining the quasi‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitor and monocrystalline silicon plates, substantiating that the device can power the toy electric fan. This work paves a practical way toward the rational design of quasi‐solid‐state asymmetry supercapacitors systems affording favorable energy density and long lifespan.

In Situ Growth of Core–Shell Heterostructure CePO4@CuCo2S4 As Advanced Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitor

“…When the power density is as high as 799.48 W kg –1 , the corresponding energy density of CePO 4 @CuCo 2 S 4 /NF//AC ASC equipment is 80.39 Wh kg –1 . Even at the ultrahigh power density of 16.873 kW kg –1 , the corresponding energy density still remains 58.12 Wh kg –1 , which is superior to previously reported ASCs, such as CuCo 2 S 4 @NiMn-LDH, NiCoP@CoS, FeP 4 , CuCo 2 S 4 , Zr-CeO 2 , CeO 2 /C, CeO 2 nanoparticles, and other devices previously reported, as shown in Table .…”

“…With dwindling fossil fuels, research on more efficient, lighter, and more sustainable energy storage devices including various batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors is imminent . Among the above energy storage devices, the advantages of high power density, fast charge and discharge rate, admirable cycle stability, low cost, and environmental friendliness make supercapacitors (SCs) stand out and be considered as a promising energy storage device. − However, SCs have obvious shortcomings, mainly relating to the low energy density of SCs in practical applications (∼10 Wh kg –1 in carbon-based double-layer SCs) . Thus, a viable solution to achieve high energy density of SCs without reducing power density is to assemble asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs).…”

A multi-interface CoNi-SP/C heterostructure for quasi-solid-state hybrid supercapacitors with a graphene oxide-containing hydrogel electrolyte

“…The maximum energy density of our device exceeds that of some representative devices, such as GNR/Bi 2 Se 3 //DMAOP-PVA/GO-KOH//GNR/Co 0.85 Se (30.9 W h kg −1 at 559 W kg −1 ), 25 (Ni 0.1 Co 0.9 ) 9 Se 8 @CFC//PVA/KOH//rGO@CFC (17 W h kg −1 at 3100 W kg −1 ), 68 P–Co 3 O 4 @P, N–C//Co@P, N–C (47.6 W h kg −1 at 750 W kg −1 ), 69 PDMS encapsulated ZICO//N–G(40.5 W h kg −1 at 750 W kg −1 ), 70 Ni–Fe–P-350//RGO (50.2 W h kg −1 at 800 W kg −1 ), 71 P-(Ni,Co)Se 2 //ZC (45 W h kg −1 at 446.3 W kg −1 ), 72 and CoP//FeP 4 (46.38 W h kg −1 at 695 W kg −1 ). 73 Impressively, the devices connected in series can supply high power to drive an electronic watch and twenty-three light-emitting diode (LED) indicators normally (the insets of Fig. 5f), verifying excellent usability of our device in smart electronics.…”

Three‐In‐One Alkylamine‐Tuned MoOx for Lab‐Scale to Real‐Life Aqueous Supercapacitors

“…Figure 7e shows the Ragone plot of the assembled MoO x -HDA-3//MnO 2 device compared with other recently reported representative devices. It is noteworthy that the MoO x -HDA-3//MnO 2 device presents an ultrahigh energy density of 78.2 Wh kg −1 at 300 W kg −1 and 30.4 Wh kg −1 at 3172 W kg −1 , which is better than most of the recently reported devices, for example, RuO 2 @COF (23.3 Wh kg −1 , 261 W kg −1 ), [46] Bi 2 Se 3 @Co 0.85 Se (30.9 Wh kg −1 , 559 W kg −1 ), [47] NiCoP@GO (32.9 Wh kg −1 , 1301 W kg −1 ), [48] C-GMOF@AC (30.3 Wh kg −1 , 137 W kg −1 ), [49] LDH-NF@ VG (56.8 Wh kg −1 , 260 W kg −1 ), [50] Ni 3 Se 2 @AC (38.4 Wh kg −1 , 794.5 W kg −1 ), [51] CoP@FeP 4 (46.3 Wh kg −1 , 695 W kg −1 ), [52] MXene@CNT-HQ (62 Wh kg −1 , 281 W kg −1 ), [53] MnO 2 -GO@CGO (31.8 Wh kg −1 , 453 W kg −1 ), [54] Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 @NGO (26.2 Wh kg −1 , 799 W kg −1 ), [55] NCNs-0.1@AC (43.02 Wh kg −1 , 840.3 W kg −1 ), [56] rP-rGO@Ni 2 P (41.66 Wh kg −1 , 1200 W kg −1 ), [57] and RGO@ Mn 3 O 4 (23.5 Wh kg −1 , 990 W kg −1 ). [58] More importantly, at 100 mV s −1 , 97% specific capacitance of the assembled MoO x -HDA-3//MnO 2 device is retained after 30 000 cycles, which indicates a practical long-cycle stability.…”