Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates

Water‐Soluble Inorganic Binders for Lithium‐Ion and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…The potential impacts from direct emissions of supply chain and synthesis of IABs need still to be studied in detail. However, it is worth noting that the synthesis of several Na‐based IABs involves sodium phosphate as a precursor, [ 166,167 ] which at the same time demands for phosphoric acid. The supply chain of phosphoric acid is associated to a release of hexavalent chromium (Chromium VI) into the biosphere (as found in Ecoinvent 3.8 database (ecoivent.org)), which has been reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a genotoxic carcinogen.…”

Mechanochemical Phosphorylation of Acetylides Using Condensed Phosphates: A Sustainable Route to Alkynyl Phosphonates

“…Phosphorus–carbon (P–C) bonds are widely found in organophosphorus compounds that have emerged as useful pharmaceuticals, flame retardants, agrochemicals, ligands, and materials. − At present, P–C bond-containing chemicals are derived almost exclusively from white phosphorus (P 4 ), the tetrahedral molecule originally discovered by German alchemist Hennig Brand in 1669 that has now become one of the most important feedstock materials in the modern phosphorus industry. ,, Typically, mined phosphate rock goes through an energy intensive legacy process known as the “thermal process”, in which phosphate rock is treated with coke and sand at over 1500 °C to produce P 4 (Figure A) . The produced P 4 is then oxidized to trichlorophosphine (PCl 3 ) with chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) and used in P–C bond forming reactions. , Alternatively, P–C bonds can be accessed from hypophosphite (H 2 PO 2 – ) and phosphane (phosphine gas, PH 3 ) produced from P 4 by cross-coupling or hydrophosphinylation , and by hydrophosphination, ,,, respectively.…”

“…Another major portion of the mined phosphate rock, on the other hand, is treated with sulfuric acid to produce phosphoric acid and eventually fertilizers, in what is known as the “wet process” . Condensed phosphates (polyphosphates) can be prepared readily from phosphoric acid and its salts by dehydration .…”

“…Another major portion of the mined phosphate rock, on the other hand, is treated with sulfuric acid to produce phosphoric acid and eventually fertilizers, in what is known as the “wet process” . Condensed phosphates (polyphosphates) can be prepared readily from phosphoric acid and its salts by dehydration . Apart from phosphate rock, phosphate removal protocols are being implemented worldwide to ameliorate eutrophication, and phosphates recovered from waste streams also constitute a new input stream of this nonrenewable resource. − , These phosphates can thus be considered as green starting materials.…”

“…7 Condensed phosphates (polyphosphates) can be prepared readily from phosphoric acid and its salts by dehydration. 7 Apart from phosphate rock, phosphate removal protocols are being implemented worldwide to ameliorate eutrophication, and phosphates recovered from waste streams also constitute a new input stream of this nonrenewable resource. [23][24][25][26]28 These phosphates can thus be considered as green starting materials.…”