Phosphonolipids in Tetrahymena cilia

Smith, Joseph D.; Snyder, William R.; Law, John H.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(70)90682-0

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Sphingophosphonolipids have been isolated from various organisms (5,6,8,9,11,12,17,20,(29)(30)(31), and occur as minor lipid components in mammals (32). In most cases, the PHG is 2-AEP, but 2-N-monomethyl-AEP has also been found (11,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Most reports of this group of lipids have been from studies of the ethanolamine glycerophosphonolipids and sphingophosphonolipids in the ciliated protozoa Tetrahymena and Paramecium (29)(30)(31)(32). The discovery of sphingophosphonolipids in a bacterium was a novel and significant finding (5), hence it is important that definitive structural characterizations of these Bdellovibrio lipids be elucidated.…”

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confidence: 98%

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A novel sphingophosphonolipid head group 1‐hydroxy‐2‐aminoethyl phosphonate in Bdellovibrio stolpii

Watanabe

Nakajima²,

Hoshino

et al. 2001

Lipids

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Members of the bacterial genus Bdellovibrio include strains that are free-living, whereas others are known to invade and parasitize larger Gram-negative bacteria. The bacterium can synthesize several sphingophospholipid compounds including those with phosphoryl bonds as well as phosphonyl bonds. In the present study, the dominant sphingophosphonolipid component was isolated by column chromatography, and the long-chain bases, fatty acids, and polar head groups were identified by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic procedures. The definitive structural identity of the sphingolipid was established by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry of hydrolysis products and the intact compound. The compound was identified as N-2'-hydroxypentadecanoyl-2-amino-3,4-dihydroxyheptadecan-1-phosphono-(1-hydroxy-2-aminoethane).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

A novel sphingophosphonolipid head group 1‐hydroxy‐2‐aminoethyl phosphonate in Bdellovibrio stolpii

Watanabe

Nakajima²,

Hoshino

et al. 2001

Lipids

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“…In Paramecia, the ciliary membrane is enriched in sphingolipids and a mutation that alters ciliary lipid composition affects ciliary channel activity, suggesting that the ciliary lipid composition is critical for its function (Kaneshiro et al 1984; Andrews and Nelson 1979; Forte et al 1981). Similarly, in Tetrahymena and Chlamydomonas certain lipids are enriched in their cilia or flagella (Kennedy and Thompson Jr 1970; Jonah and Erwin 1971; Smith et al 1970; Gealt et al 1981; Bloodgood et al 1985). In Trypanosomes, the flagellum possesses high levels of sterols and saturated fatty acids and shows a high degree of lipid organization (Tyler et al 2009; Souto-Padron and de Souza 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphoinositides Regulate Ciliary Protein Trafficking to Modulate Hedgehog Signaling

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Primary cilia interpret vertebrate Hedgehog (Hh) signals. Why cilia are essential for signaling is unclear. One possibility is that some forms of signaling require a distinct membrane lipid composition, found at cilia. We found that the ciliary membrane contains a particular phosphoinositide, PI(4)P, whereas a different phosphoinositide, PI(4,5)P2, is restricted to the membrane of the ciliary base. This distribution is created by Inpp5e, a ciliary phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase. Without Inpp5e, ciliary PI(4,5)P2 levels are elevated and Hh signaling is disrupted. Inpp5e limits the ciliary levels of inhibitors of Hh signaling, including Gpr161 and the PI(4,5)P2-binding protein Tulp3. Increasing ciliary PI(4,5)P2 levels or conferring the ability to bind PI(4)P on Tulp3 increases the ciliary localization of Tulp3. Lowering Tulp3 in cells lacking Inpp5e reduces ciliary Gpr161 levels and restores Hh signaling. Therefore, Inpp5e regulates ciliary membrane phosphoinositide composition, and Tulp3 reads out ciliary phosphoinositides to control ciliary protein localization, enabling Hh signaling.

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“…The lipids are present in great variety, including considerable amounts of ether and phosphonate derivatives (1) . Some of these are concentrated in certain organelles (2,3), therefore qualifying as specific markers . One troublesome disadvantage is the presence of a system of hydrolytic enzymes which are subject to activation 71 2 THE JQORNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STUDIES OF MEMBRANE FORMATION IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS

Nozawa

Thompson

1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

193

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A method has been devised to fractionate cells of Tetrahymena pyriformis, yielding pure or highly enriched preparations of cilia, cilia-associated soluble material, pellicles, mitochondria, microsomes, and postmicrosomal supernatant . The method prevents the destructive action of lipolytic enzymes commonly associated with this organism . Analysis of the membrane lipids of these fractions reveals significant differences in lipid composition . Most noteworthy are the high concentrations of phosphonolipid and tetrahymanol in the surface membranes.

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Phosphonolipids in Tetrahymena cilia

Cited by 33 publications

References 13 publications

A novel sphingophosphonolipid head group 1‐hydroxy‐2‐aminoethyl phosphonate in Bdellovibrio stolpii

A novel sphingophosphonolipid head group 1‐hydroxy‐2‐aminoethyl phosphonate in Bdellovibrio stolpii

Phosphoinositides Regulate Ciliary Protein Trafficking to Modulate Hedgehog Signaling

STUDIES OF MEMBRANE FORMATION IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS

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