Phosphomonoesterases in Eccrine Sweat and Their Localization after Prolonged Sweating

Loewenthal, L. J. A.; Hins, Suzanne C.

doi:10.1159/000254932

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…The histochemical localization of phosphomonoesterases has been reported by us only after prolonged therm al sweating [4]. In this contribution our findings in respect of certain esterases in the am pulla of the eccrine gland at rest or in a low state of activity are reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Four pieces of skin were used for acid phosphatase, 25 for alkaline phosphatase. 9 for non-specific esterase and 8 for specific cholinesterase.Processing for phosphatases was identical with the method used in our previous report [4], For non-specific esterase we used both the L-naphthyl acetate method [8] and the indoxyl acetate method of Holt and Withers [9]; the former gave better definition in our hands. Gomori's acctylthiocholine method [8| was used for specific cholinesterase, with «Ompa» as * * A ' esterase, and controlled with eserine and with silver nitrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Eccrine Ampulla: Histochemistry of Esterases

Loewenthal¹,

Hins²

1963

Dermatology

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mentioning

confidence: 63%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Eccrine Ampulla: Histochemistry of Esterases

Loewenthal¹,

Hins²

1963

Dermatology

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“…This is surprising, because an experiment designed to measure loss of inorganic elements through healthy skin did not detect any phosphorus [72], nor is phosphorus abundant in human sweat [73, 74]. One explanation could be that skin bacteria rely on host-produced phosphatases [75, 76] to meet their needs. This would circumvent the metabolic cost of producing phosphatases, highlighting potentially unique aspects of microbial strategies in human-associated environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait-based analysis of the human skin microbiome

et al. 2019

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Background The past decade of microbiome research has concentrated on cataloging the diversity of taxa in different environments. The next decade is poised to focus on microbial traits and function. Most existing methods for doing this perform pathway analysis using reference databases. This has both benefits and drawbacks. Function can go undetected if reference databases are coarse-grained or incomplete. Likewise, detection of a pathway does not guarantee expression of the associated function. Finally, function cannot be connected to specific microbial constituents, making it difficult to ascertain the types of organisms exhibiting particular traits—something that is important for understanding microbial success in specific environments. A complementary approach to pathway analysis is to use the wealth of microbial trait information collected over years of lab-based, culture experiments. Methods Here, we use journal articles and Bergey ’ s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology to develop a trait-based database for 971 human skin bacterial taxa. We then use this database to examine functional traits that are over/underrepresented among skin taxa. Specifically, we focus on three trait classes—binary, categorical, and quantitative—and compare trait values among skin taxa and microbial taxa more broadly. We compare binary traits using a Chi-square test, categorical traits using randomization trials, and quantitative traits using a nonparametric relative effects test based on global rankings using Tukey contrasts. Results We find a number of traits that are over/underrepresented within the human skin microbiome. For example, spore formation, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, pigment production, catalase, and oxidase are all less common among skin taxa. As well, skin bacteria are less likely to be aerobic, favoring, instead, a facultative strategy. They are also less likely to exhibit gliding motility, less likely to be spirillum or rod-shaped, and less likely to grow in chains. Finally, skin bacteria have more difficulty at high pH, prefer warmer temperatures, and are much less resilient to hypotonic conditions. Conclusions Our analysis shows how an approach that relies on information from culture experiments can both support findings from pathway analysis, and also generate new insights into the structuring principles of microbial communities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-019-0698-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Ί δ ρ ώ ς : Ό ίδρώς εμφανίζει δραστικότητα αλκαλικής φωσφατά σης, δέν έχει όμως αυτή μελετηθή εκτενώς. 69 9. 'Αλκαλική φωσφατάση των λευκοκυττάρων: Ή παρουσία αυτής απεκαλύφθη το πρώτον υπό του Roche.…”

Section: βιογραφικον σημειωμαunclassified

Διακυμανσεις Αλκαλικης Φωσφατασης Φυσιολογικων Παιδιων Και Εφηβων

Krikos¹,

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Phosphomonoesterases in Eccrine Sweat and Their Localization after Prolonged Sweating

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

The Eccrine Ampulla: Histochemistry of Esterases

The Eccrine Ampulla: Histochemistry of Esterases

Trait-based analysis of the human skin microbiome

Διακυμανσεις Αλκαλικης Φωσφατασης Φυσιολογικων Παιδιων Και Εφηβων

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