Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition and Heavy Metal Tolerance of Soil Microbial Communities along Two Heavy Metal-Polluted Gradients in Coniferous Forests

Pennanen, Taina; Frostegård, Åsa; Fritze, Hannu; Bååth, Erland

doi:10.1128/aem.62.2.420-428.1996

Cited by 352 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Therefore, the different responses by the microbial communities to heavy metal pollution can be expected in the different soils with varying management histories (Azarbad et al, 2016). Several studies have described the quantitative and/or qualitative changes in the bacterial communities, in response to the increase in the concentrations of the different heavy metals in the agricultural soils and forest soils (Åkerblom, Bååth, Bringmark, & Bringmark, 2007;Cruz-Paredes, Wallander, Kjøller, & Rousk, 2017;Igalavithana et al, 2017;Pennanen, Frostegard, Fritze, & Baath, 1996;Sharaff, Kamat, & Archana, 2017). Some of these studies have also correlated the structural changes to the soil functions such as enzymatic activities (Åkerblom et al, 2007;Borowik, Wyszkowska, & Wyszkowski, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bacterial community structure and functional profile in the heavy metal contaminated paddy soils, surrounding a nonferrous smelter in South Korea

Tipayno

Truu

Samaddar

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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The pollution of agricultural soils by the heavy metals affects the productivity of the land and has an impact on the quality of the surrounding ecosystems. This study investigated the bacterial community structure in the heavy metal contaminated sites along a smelter and a distantly located paddy field to elucidate the factors that are related to the alterations of the bacterial communities under the conditions of heavy metal pollution. Among the study sites, the bacterial communities in the soil did not show any significant differences in their richness and diversity. The soil bacterial communities at the three study sites were distinct from one another at each site, possessing a distinct set of bacterial phylotypes. Among the study sites, significant changes were observed in the abundances of the bacterial phyla and genera. The variations in the bacterial community structure were mostly related to the general soil properties at the phylum level, while at the finer taxonomic levels, the concentrations of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) were the significant factors, affecting the community structure. The relative abundances of the genera Desulfatibacillum and Desulfovirga were negatively correlated to the concentrations of As, Pb, and cadmium (Cd) in the soil, while the genus Bacillus was positively correlated to the concentrations of As and Cd. According to the results of the prediction of bacterial community functions, the soil bacterial communities of the heavy metal polluted sites were characterized by the more abundant enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair, translation, transcription, and the nucleotide metabolism pathways, while the amino acid and lipid metabolism, as well as the biodegradation potential of xenobiotics, were reduced. Our results showed that the adaptation of the bacterial communities to the heavy metal contamination was predominantly attributed to the replacement process, while the changes in community richness were linked to the variations in the soil pH values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bacterial community structure and functional profile in the heavy metal contaminated paddy soils, surrounding a nonferrous smelter in South Korea

Tipayno

Truu

Samaddar

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Hence, responses of these species or groups of species to soil pollution should be studied with care. Bacterial communities in metal-polluted soil (or after experimental metal stress) have increased metal tolerance [8,9,24,25], but there are no studies on metal tolerance in realistic soil food webs and on concomitant changes in ecosystem functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance and Functional Redundancy in a Decomposer Food Web in Metal-Stressed Soil

Salminen¹,

Gestel²,

Oksanen³

2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Pollution may lead to the development of pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) in a stressed community. We studied the presence of PICT in soil food webs using soil microcosms. Soil microcosms containing soil invertebrates and microbes were collected from polluted and unpolluted areas and exposed to a range of soil zinc concentrations. A pine seedling was planted in each microcosm to measure the effects of the origin of the community and Zn pollution on above-ground plant production. The effects of the treatments on nutrient content in the soil were also measured. The diversity of soil microarthropods and the soil's mineral nutrient content were low at the Zn-polluted site. We did not observe an increasing Zn tolerance among the soil organisms in the polluted soil. However, low population growth rates of soil invertebrates from the polluted site may indicate the deleterious effects on fitness of long-lasting pollution. In the soil from the nonpolluted site, Zn additions caused changes in the invertebrate food web structure. These changes were explained by the good physiological condition of the animals and their insensitivity to Zn. The fact that the food web structure in soil from the polluted site did not change can be used as a rough indicator of PICT. Structural stability is presumed by the lack of Zn-sensitive species at this site and the inability of populations to acclimate by altering their growth or reproduction patterns in response to changing soil conditions. Although microbial-based soil decomposer systems may have a high functional redundancy, our results indicate that metal stress at the polluted site exceeds the tolerance limits of the system. As a consequence, ecosystem function at this site is endangered. This study also shows that the evolution of metal tolerance by soil decomposer organisms may not be a common reaction to soil pollution, although changes of population and community structure indicated severe metal stress on organisms.

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“…Most investigations on microbial biomass in the coniferous forest ecosystem and certainly all investigations on microbial community structure using the PLFA method have been on the uppermost organic humus layer (Ba Êa Êth et al, 1992(Ba Êa Êth et al, , 1995Frostega Êrd et al, 1993;Smolander & Ma Èlko Ènen, 1994;Pennanen et al, 1996Pennanen et al, , 1998aPennanen et al, , 1998bPennanen et al, , 1999Vanhala et al, 1996). Although the greatest microbial activity is found in the uppermost organic layer of the soil, microbial life is not constrained to that layer, as roots of trees penetrate to at least 1 m in Podzols (Persson et al, 1995), and these roots are accompanied by microbes that exploit the root exudates and dead roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids in Podzol profiles under coniferous forest

2000

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Microbial-derived phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) can be used to characterize the microbial communities in soil without the need to isolate individual fungi and bacteria. They have been used to assess microbial communities of humus layers under coniferous forest, but nothing is known of their distribution in the deeper soil. To investigate the vertical distribution we sampled nine Podzol pro®les on a 100-m-long transect in a coniferous forest and analysed for their microbial biomass and PLFA pattern to a depth of 0.4 m. The transect covered a fertility gradient from Vaccinium vitis-idaea forest site type to Vaccinium myrtillus forest site type. The cores were divided into humus (O) and eluvial (E) layers and below that into 10-cm sections and designated as either illuvial (B) or parent material (C), or as a combination (BC). Two measures of microbial biomass analyses were applied: substrate-induced respiration (SIR) to determine microbial biomass C (C mic ), and the sum of the extracted microbialderived phospholipid fatty acids (totPLFA). The soil fertility had no effect on the results. The C mic correlated well with totPLFA (r = 0.86). The microbial biomass decreased with increasing depth. In addition the PLFA pattern changed with increased depth as assessed with principal component analysis, indicating a change in the microbial community structure. The composition of the PLFAs in the O layer differed from that in the E layer and both differed from the upper part of the B layer and from the rest of the BC layers. The deeper parts of the B layer (BC 1 , BC 2 and BC 3 ) were similar to one other. The O layer had more 18:236, a PLFA indicator of fungi, whereas the E layer contained relatively more of the PLFAs 16:139, 18:137 and cy19:0 common in gram-negative bacteria. With increased depth the relative amount of 10Me18:0, the PLFA indicator for actinomycetes, increased. We conclude that the PLFA method is a promising discriminator between the microbial community structures of the horizons in Podzols.

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Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition and Heavy Metal Tolerance of Soil Microbial Communities along Two Heavy Metal-Polluted Gradients in Coniferous Forests

Cited by 352 publications

References 44 publications

The bacterial community structure and functional profile in the heavy metal contaminated paddy soils, surrounding a nonferrous smelter in South Korea

The bacterial community structure and functional profile in the heavy metal contaminated paddy soils, surrounding a nonferrous smelter in South Korea

Pollution-Induced Community Tolerance and Functional Redundancy in a Decomposer Food Web in Metal-Stressed Soil

Distribution of microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids in Podzol profiles under coniferous forest

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