Phospholipid composition and subcellular distribution in yeast and mycelial forms of<i>Candida albicans</i>

Goyal, Sawraj; Khuller, G. K.

doi:10.1080/02681219280000461

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Genes encoding phospholipases B, C and D have been described and their impact on pathogenesis of C. albicans infections studied (Ghannoum, 2000;Hube et al, 2001;Knechtle et al, 2005;Kunze et al, 2005). However, although earlier reports demonstrated extracellular phospholipase A activity (Goyal & Khuller, 1992;Takahashi et al, 1991), no gene encoding a putative secretory phospholipase A has so far been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Since phospholipase A activity has been reported as a putative virulence factor of C. albicans (Goyal & Khuller, 1992;Takahashi et al, 1991), we have searched in one of the C. albicans genome databases (http://genolist.pasteur.fr/ CandidaDB/) for putative phospholipase A genes. While no gene with significant similarity to phospholipase A genes was found, we identified a gene similar to the human gene encoding PLAP, known to be associated with the regulation of phospholipase A (Clark et al, 1991).…”

Section: Sequence Analysis Of Ipf4477 (Cadoa1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multiple functions of DOA1 in Candida albicans

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While searching for regulators of virulence attributes of the human-pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, a gene was identified similar to the genes encoding the mammalian phospholipase A2-activating protein (PLAP) and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Doa1, which is known to play a key role during ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent protein degradation. All three proteins contain WD-repeats. Both PLAP and CaDoa1 contain a mellitin-like sequence with a central 'KVL'. This mellitin-like sequence was shown to be necessary for full function of CaDoa1. CaDOA1 was expressed under all conditions investigated. Gene disruption of CaDOA1 caused phenotypes including modified colony morphologies, temperature sensitivity, reduced secretion of hydrolytic enzymes and hypersensitivity to various compounds such as propranolol, butanol, caffeine, chelators, azoles, nocodazole and cadmium. Strikingly, mutants lacking DOA1 were filamentous and grew as pseudohyphae and true hyphae under conditions that normally support yeast growth. Transcriptional profiling of Ddoa1 indicated that several genes associated with Ub-mediated proteolysis, including CDC48 and UBI4, are upregulated. These data suggest that DOA1 of C. albicans, like its orthologue in S. cerevisiae, is associated with Ub-mediated proteolysis and has multiple functions. However, some functions of CaDoa1 seem to be unique for C. albicans. These results support the hypothesis that Ub-mediated proteolysis plays an important role in the regulation of morphology in C. albicans.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Sequence Analysis Of Ipf4477 (Cadoa1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple functions of DOA1 in Candida albicans

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PA has been demonstrated to stimulate the activity of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase in both mammals and S. cerevisiae ; the resulting accumulation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate can serve as a focal point for the assembly of cytoskeletal proteins containing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains (Lemmon et al, 1996 ;Tall et al, 1997). In addition, LPA may be generated by the concerted action of PLD1 and a phospholipase A (Mago & Khuller, 1990 ;Goyal & Khuller, 1992), which may act as an inducer of hyphal formation. LPA is known to be a major extracellular signal, produced in large amounts by activated platelets and other cells in human serum, which activates G proteins (Moolenaar, 1995 ;Gaits et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role and relevance of phospholipase D1 during growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase D1 (PLD1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is involved in vesicle transport and is essential for sporulation. The gene encoding the homologous phospholipase D1 from Candida albicans (PLD1) was used to study the role of PLD1 in this pathogenic fungus. In vitro and in vivo expression studies using Northern blots and reverse transcriptase-PCR showed low PLD1 mRNA levels in defined media supporting yeast growth and during experimental infection, while enhanced levels of PLD1 transcripts were detected during the yeast to hyphal transition. To study the relevance of PLD1 during yeast and hyphal growth, an essential part of the gene was deleted in both alleles of two isogenic strains. In vitro PLD1 activity assays showed that pld1 mutants produced no detectable levels of phosphatidic acid, the hydrolytic product of PLD1 activity, and strongly reduced levels of diacylglycerol, the product of lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase, suggesting no or a negligible background PLD1 activity in the pld1 mutants. The pld1 mutants showed no growth differences compared to the parental wild-type in liquid complex and minimal media, independent of the growth temperature. In addition, growth rates of pld1 mutants in media with protein as the sole source of nitrogen were similar to growth rates of the wild-type, indicating that secretion of proteinases was not reduced. Chlamydospore formation was normal in pld1 mutants. When germ tube formation was induced in liquid media, pld1 mutants showed similar rates of yeast to hyphal transition compared to the wild-type. However, no hyphae formation was observed on solid Spider medium, and cell growth on cornmeal/Tween 80 medium indicated aberrant morphogenesis. In addition, pld1 mutants growing on solid media had an attenuated ability to invade the agar. In a model of oral candidosis, pld1 mutants showed no attenuation of virulence. In contrast, the mutant was less virulent in two different mouse models. These data suggest that PLD1 is not essential for growth and oral infections. However, they also suggest that a prominent part of the phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol pools is produced by PLD1 and that the level of these components is important for morphological transitions under certain conditions in C. albicans.

show abstract

“…Phospholipase A and lysophospholipase activities are found in the cell wall of yeast cells and hyphae. Enzyme activity is higher in the walls of older yeast cells than of younger cells and is more prominent at the tip of growing hyphae (113). A C. albicans strain deleted for the phospholipase B gene PLB1 has significantly attenuated virulence (107,173).…”

Section: Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Sensing and Signal Transduction Pathways Regulating Morphopathogenic Determinants of Candida albicans

Biswas

Dijck

Datta

2007

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

480

527

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is found in the normal gastrointestinal flora of most healthy humans. However, under certain environmental conditions, it can become a life-threatening pathogen. The shift from commensal organism to pathogen is often correlated with the capacity to undergo morphogenesis. Indeed, under certain conditions, including growth at ambient temperature, the presence of serum or N-acetylglucosamine, neutral pH, and nutrient starvation, C. albicans can undergo reversible transitions from the yeast form to the mycelial form. This morphological plasticity reflects the interplay of various signal transduction pathways, either stimulating or repressing hyphal formation. In this review, we provide an overview of the different sensing and signaling pathways involved in the morphogenesis and pathogenesis of C. albicans. Where appropriate, we compare the analogous pathways/genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an attempt to highlight the evolution of the different components of the two organisms. The downstream components of these pathways, some of which may be interesting antifungal targets, are also discussed.

show abstract

Phospholipid composition and subcellular distribution in yeast and mycelial forms ofCandida albicans

Cited by 20 publications

References 21 publications

Multiple functions of DOA1 in Candida albicans

Multiple functions of DOA1 in Candida albicans

The role and relevance of phospholipase D1 during growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans

Environmental Sensing and Signal Transduction Pathways Regulating Morphopathogenic Determinants of Candida albicans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About