Phospholipase A2

Diaz, Bruno L.; Jonathan, P.

doi:10.1016/s0952-3278(03)00069-3

Cited by 112 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Among the family of phospholipase A 2 enzymes capable of liberating AA from membrane phospholipids, cytosolic phospholipase A 2 (cPLA 2 ) is considered the most important for providing substrate for LT biosynthesis (4). The free fatty acid is then oxygenated at C-5 by 5-LO in concert with the AA-binding protein, 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP), to generate the epoxide intermediate LTA 4 .…”

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The free fatty acid is then oxygenated at C-5 by 5-LO in concert with the AA-binding protein, 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP), to generate the epoxide intermediate LTA 4 . Of note, activation of both cPLA 2 and 5-LO enzymes involves increases in intracellular calcium and is further enhanced by activation of certain protein kinases (5).…”

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of note, activation of both cPLA 2 and 5-LO enzymes involves increases in intracellular calcium and is further enhanced by activation of certain protein kinases (5). LTA 4 is then hydrolyzed by LTA 4 hydrolase to LTB 4 or conjugated with reduced glutathione by LTC 4 synthase to form LTC 4 . LTB 4 is best known as a leukocyte chemoattractant and activator, and LTC 4 is the parent compound of the cysteinyl LTs (cysLTs), which also include LTD 4 and LTE 4 , and which account for the myotropic activity previously identified as slowreacting substance (of anaphylaxis) and are important in the pathogenesis of asthma.…”

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LTA 4 is then hydrolyzed by LTA 4 hydrolase to LTB 4 or conjugated with reduced glutathione by LTC 4 synthase to form LTC 4 . LTB 4 is best known as a leukocyte chemoattractant and activator, and LTC 4 is the parent compound of the cysteinyl LTs (cysLTs), which also include LTD 4 and LTE 4 , and which account for the myotropic activity previously identified as slowreacting substance (of anaphylaxis) and are important in the pathogenesis of asthma. Importantly, cell specificity exists in the profile of LTs generated, with mast cells and eosinophils synthesizing primarily cysLTs, neutrophils and dendritic cells synthesizing primarily LTB 4 , and macrophages producing a balance of both classes of LTs (see Table I).…”

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In brief, LTB 4 and members of the cysLT family each interact with two distinct receptors, termed BLT1/2 and cysLT1/2, respectively. Most of the recognized actions of LTs appear to proceed through BLT1 and cysLT1.…”

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leukotrienes: Underappreciated Mediators of Innate Immune Responses

Peters‐Golden¹,

Canetti²,

Mancuso

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

275

244

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Leukotrienes are bronchoconstrictor and vasoactive lipid mediators that are targets in the treatment of asthma. Although they are increasingly recognized to exert broad proinflammatory effects, their role in innate immune responses is less well appreciated. These molecules are indeed synthesized by resident and recruited leukocytes during infection. Acting via cell surface G protein-coupled receptors and subsequent intracellular signaling events, they enhance leukocyte accumulation, phagocyte capacity for microbial ingestion and killing, and generation of other proinflammatory mediators. Interestingly, a variety of acquired states of immunodeficiency, such as HIV infection and malnutrition, are characterized by a relative deficiency of leukotriene synthesis. The data reviewed herein point to leukotrienes as underappreciated yet highly relevant mediators of innate immunity.

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Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lt Synthesis Receptors and Signaling Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Leukotrienes: Underappreciated Mediators of Innate Immune Responses

Peters‐Golden¹,

Canetti²,

Mancuso

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

275

244

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Overview of Signal Transduction

Esbenshade

Duzic²

2005

CP Pharmacology

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Receptor- and ion channel-coupled signal transduction mechanisms are downstream communication processes used by regulatory molecules to modulate the essential cell processes of growth, differentiation and survival. Knowledge of signal transduction processes has dramatically increased in the past decade, and the basic principles of intracellular signaling are now quite well established. Cell signaling in higher organisms is a major, highly complex, phenomena that occupies a central position in current biomedical research. The complex machinery of intracellular signaling also has the potential to provide a wealth of novel drug discovery targets, from protein kinases, adaptor proteins, lipases, and cytoskeletal proteins, to nuclear effectors. This overview describes common features of cellular signaling pathways, including their interactions and responses to environmental stimuli. In particular, the overview focuses on the regulation of signaling pathways by protein functional-domain interactions as well as the intracellular proteins that mediate signal transduction.

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Phagocytosis: Early Events in Particle Recognition and Uptake

Cosı́o

Grinstein

2009

Intracellular Niches of Microbes

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Phospholipase A2

Cited by 112 publications

References 107 publications

Leukotrienes: Underappreciated Mediators of Innate Immune Responses

Leukotrienes: Underappreciated Mediators of Innate Immune Responses

Overview of Signal Transduction

Phagocytosis: Early Events in Particle Recognition and Uptake

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