Phospholipase A₂leukotriene C₄and prostaglandin E₂levels in aqueous humour of guinea pigs with experimental S-antigen induced autoimmune uveitis

Abstract

Purified S-antigen was used to induce experimental autoimmune uveitis in 42 guinea pigs. 16 animals were used as controls. Footpad immunization with fresh bovine S-antigen in physiologic saline mixed with complete Freunds's adjuvant induced a clinical disease in 95% of the eyes in test animals. In aqueous humour the increase in phospholipase-A2 and proteins as well as myeloperoxidase measured from iris-ciliary blocks correlated well with the severity of uveitis evaluated by clinical grading. Leukotriene C4 and prostaglandin E2 were only elevated in aqueous humour drawn from eyes showing a mild form of uveitis. Neither leukotriene C4 nor prostaglandin E2 were detected in eyes graded as clinically moderate or severe. In serum samples phospholipase A2, leukotriene C4, prostaglandin E2 and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were measured. Of these biochemical parameters, only gamma glutamyl transpeptidase was significantly elevated in test animals with experimental autoimmune uveitis. Histological analysis revealed focal mononuclear cell infiltrations in the choroid. Mononuclear as well as polymorphonuclear cell infiltration was seen predominantly in the pars plana region of the ciliary body of test animals with uveitis. Simultaneous destruction of the outer segments of the photoreceptor layer was seen.

Effect of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on Retinal and Choroidal Blood Flow during Hypercarbia in Newborn Piglets

“…The discrepancy in the magnitude of RBF response to indomethacin administration between the earlier study (10) and ours may be related to the differences in age and species of the studied animals. Furthermore, Chemtob et al (18) have demonstrated that the majority of PG have vasodilator effects in the newborn period, whereas this does not seem to be the case in adult animals and humans (19,20). However, indomethacin is known to have other pharmacologic effects and to be a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (21)(22)(23).…”

Amelioration of Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis by Aldose Reductase Inhibition in Lewis Rats

“…AR inhibition has been shown to be beneficial in other pathologic conditions involving acute (e.g., sepsis, allergic asthma) and chronic (e.g., diabetic complication, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and neovascularization) inflammation. [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] Given that EAU involves the activation of inflammatory mediators such as PGE2 and NO and AR is known to mediate it, 51,52 we examined whether the inhibition of AR could suppress the levels of PGE2 and NO. Our results show that not only did AR inhibition prevent the release of these inflammatory mediators in the AqH, the expression of the enzymes that catalyze their production decreased in the retina.…”

Suppression of experimental autoimmune uveitis in guinea‐pigs by inhibition of phospholipase A2

“…The pupil was dilated with topical tropicamide and the number of inflammatory cells was counted in each eye and graded from 0 to 7 (Mahlberg et al 1987a). Before killing the test animals the eyes were examined using a slit lamp biomicroscope.…”