“…Moreover, the presence of structural analogue compounds in biological fluids at high concentration, such as creatine (Cr), CCr, creatine phosphate (CrP), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) makes the task even more challenging. A literature survey revealed that CCrP has only reported to be monitored with methods based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), which can analyze highly hydrophilic small molecules. , From the analytical chemistry standpoint, HPLC is considered the benchmark standard for pharmaceutical analysis; however, it has various limitations related to its high cost, long cycle time, and high organic solvent consumption. , Alternatively, impedimetric sensors have numerous advantages such as low energy usage, ability to detect nonelectroactive molecules, high sensitivity, relatively simple, and eco-friendly process. Furthermore, such sensors can be highly selective based on modifying the electrode surface with suitable surface recognition elements, such as antibodies, aptamers, or molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). − Therefore, establishing a sensor based upon MIP for CCrP measurement provides a promising and advantageous alternative to determine small polar molecules in plasma.…”