Phosphine generation by mixed- and monoseptic-cultures of anaerobic bacteria

Jenkins, Richard O.; Morris, T. A.; Craig, P. J.; Ritchie, A. W.; Ostah, N.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00368-5

Cited by 77 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Several independent reports claim that phosphine can be produced by biochemical processes in the laboratory (Cao et al, 2000;Devai et al, 1984Devai et al, , 1988Eismann et al, 1997;Gassmann and Glindemann, 1993;Iverson, 1968;Jenkins et al, 2000). Most of these results have been summarized in a review (Roels and Verstraete, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Glindemann

Edwards

Liu³

et al. 2005

Ecological Engineering

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This is a review of previously published and unpublished results of research into the occurrence of phosphine (PH 3 ) in the environment in the form of matrix bound phosphine in soils, aquatic sediments and sludges (range ng kg −1 to g kg −1 ), free phosphine in formed biogases (range ng m −3 to g m −3 ) and in the atmosphere (range pg m −3 to ng m −3 ). The reviewed data support the hypothesis of the existence of a small gaseous link in the phosphorus cycle, which could become important over the long term.Matrix-bound phosphine in soils can be interpreted as a stationary state concentration of phosphine between production and consumption. This phosphine turnover within the soil may be important even if the stationary state concentration (matrix-bound phosphine) is small. Under such circumstances, a slow migration process of phosphine in the interstitial gas sphere of soils is possible. Such a process would influence the balance of phosphorus in agricultural and wetland soil.The detection of easily oxidizable phosphine as a ubiquitous trace gas in the atmosphere can be interpreted as the residue of an important turnover of phosphine between widely distributed emission sources and sinks such as soils and sediments. The atmosphere can carry gaseous phosphorus to remote places.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Glindemann

Edwards

Liu³

et al. 2005

Ecological Engineering

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“…Some of these phosphine findings are today interpreted as the result of a biologically enhanced hydrolysis of phosphide-rich metallic iron or steel (Glindemann et al 1998). Traces of phosphine are also formed in undefined anaerobic cultures obtained from sewage sludge or animal feces (Rutishauser and Bachofen 1999;Jenkins et al 2000), but again the origin of this phosphine remains obscure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans sp. nov., a new marine sulfate reducer that oxidizes phosphite to phosphate

Schink

Thiemann

Laue

et al. 2002

Archives of Microbiology

105

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A new sulfate-reducing bacterium was isolated from marine sediment with phosphite as sole electron donor and CO 2 as the only carbon source. Strain FiPS-3 grew slowly, with doubling times of 3-4 days, and oxidized phosphite, hydrogen, formate, acetate, fumarate, pyruvate, glycine, glutamate, and other substrates nearly completely, with concomitant reduction of sulfate to sulfide. Acetate was formed as a side product to a small extent. Glucose, arabinose, and proline were partly oxidized and partly fermented to acetate plus propionate. Growth with phosphite, hydrogen, or formate was autotrophic. Also, in the presence of sulfate, CO dehydrogenase was present, and added acetate did not increase growth rates or growth yields. In the absence of sulfate, phosphite oxidation was coupled to homoacetogenic acetate formation, with growth yields similar to those in the presence of sulfate. Cells were small rods, 0.6-0.8×2-4 µm in size, and gram-negative, with a G+C content of 53.9 mol%. They contained desulforubidin, but no desulfoviridin. Based on sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and the sulfite reductase genes dsrAB, strain FiPS-3 was found to be closely related to Desulfotignum balticum. However, physiological properties differed in many points from those of D. balticum. These findings justify the establishment of a new species, Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans.

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“…Hypophosphite and phosphite both participate in biochemical pathways (31,32), including metabolism (33). The production of phosphine is also likely biological: Phosphine is produced by microbial activity (16), and when an organic phosphonate is a substrate, phosphine production is increased (28), along with increased methane production. The effect of phosphite and hypophosphite on phosphine production is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial phosphine generation is coupled to methanogenesis (16,28). Aerobic methanogenesis begins with methylphosphonate as the methane precursor (35)(36)(37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in phosphine concentration are significant: the concentration of PH 3 in low-PH 3 environments is a factor of more than 10,000 less than those in high-PH 3 natural environments. The origin of phosphine may be linked to metal corrosion (14) in some environments, but in others, it is linked to microbial activity (15,16). The link between phosphine and the other reduced P compounds, and to the organic phosphonates, is unclear, and is explored using thermodynamic models in Modeling of Relationship Between Phosphine, Phosphite, and Hypophosphite.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Redox chemistry in the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle

Pasek

Sampson

Atlas

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

138

107

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The element phosphorus (P) controls growth in many ecosystems as the limiting nutrient, where it is broadly considered to reside as pentavalent P in phosphate minerals and organic esters. Exceptions to pentavalent P include phosphine-PH 3 -a trace atmospheric gas, and phosphite and hypophosphite, P anions that have been detected recently in lightning strikes, eutrophic lakes, geothermal springs, and termite hindguts. Reduced oxidation state P compounds include the phosphonates, characterized by C−P bonds, which bear up to 25% of total organic dissolved phosphorus. Reduced P compounds have been considered to be rare; however, the microbial ability to use reduced P compounds as sole P sources is ubiquitous. Here we show that between 10% and 20% of dissolved P bears a redox state of less than +5 in water samples from central Florida, on average, with some samples bearing almost as much reduced P as phosphate. If the quantity of reduced P observed in the water samples from Florida studied here is broadly characteristic of similar environments on the global scale, it accounts well for the concentration of atmospheric phosphine and provides a rationale for the ubiquity of phosphite utilization genes in nature. Phosphine is generated at a quantity consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium established by the disproportionation reaction of reduced P species. Comprising 10-20% of the total dissolved P inventory in Florida environments, reduced P compounds could hence be a critical part of the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle, and in turn may impact global carbon cycling and methanogenesis.phosphorus | redox chemistry | phosphonates | element cycling | biogeochemistry L ife as we know it is dependent on phosphate esters, which act in metabolism as energy-storing polyphosphates and cofactors, in replication and transcription as the backbone of RNA and DNA, and in cell structure as phospholipids. Phosphate minerals are the ultimate source of phosphate in the biosphere. However, most phosphate minerals are poorly soluble and slow to dissolve at neutral pH and at room temperature; hence phosphorus (P) is the limiting nutrient in many ecosystems. Phosphorus cycling is especially slow compared with carbon and nitrogen cycling (1).Although inorganic phosphate and phosphate esters (P 5+ ) are viewed as the prevalent compounds in nature, phosphonates, with C−P bonds, are ubiquitous, comprising up to 25% of the dissolved organic P in some natural samples (2). The P in phosphonates has a stronger potential for electron sharing than the P in phosphates, based on the electronegativity difference between C and P (2.5-2.2) compared with O (3.5) and P in phosphates. With a greater potential for electron sharing, the formal oxidation state of P in phosphonates is thus less than +5; hence phosphonates represent a reduced oxidation state P (hereafter, reduced P) speciation in the environment. Phosphonates appear to be critical to some biogeochemical pathways, including a role for methylphosphonate in aerobic methanogenesis in marine environme...

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Phosphine generation by mixed- and monoseptic-cultures of anaerobic bacteria

Cited by 77 publications

References 13 publications

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Phosphine in soils, sludges, biogases and atmospheric implications—a review

Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans sp. nov., a new marine sulfate reducer that oxidizes phosphite to phosphate

Redox chemistry in the phosphorus biogeochemical cycle

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