Phosphides: Solid‐State Chemistry

Abstract

The solid‐state chemistry of phosphides, phosphide oxides, and phosphide halides is reviewed. Phosphorus is outstanding, since no other element approaches phosphorus in the variety of homoatomic connected polyanions formed, as a result of its relatively low electronegativity and stereochemical features. The article covers the various synthesis techniques for solid‐state phosphides, the crystal chemistry, and chemical bonding. Besides the metal‐rich phosphides with pronounced metal–metal bonding, the large family of polyphosphides, which exhibits an unexpected wealth of chemical composition, is discussed. Furthermore, the largely varying magnetic, electronic, and catalytic properties are reviewed.

First principles modeling of the structural, electronic, and vibrational properties of Ni40Pd40P20 bulk metallic glass

“…To examine this further, we performed a search for approximate TTP and CSAP structural units, centered on P, in the network and found multiple largely attributed to the broadening of the angular distributions in glassy Ni 40 Pd 40 P 20 environment but contributions from finite-temperature effects are also expected to play a part. The existence of such structural units was reported by Kumar et al 16 in ab initio studies of Ni 40 Pd 40 P 20 glass and by Rainer et al 29 and in phosphide-based metal clusters calculations. A characteristic feature of TTP and CSAP structures is that they can easily transform from one to other under the influence of temperature.…”

Laser ablation synthesis of arsenic–phosphide AsmPn clusters from As–P mixtures. Laser desorption ionisation with quadrupole ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry: The mass spectrometer as a synthesizer

“…Phosphorus can form phosphides with practically all metals and with some metalloids including arsenic. 1,2 Arsenic can substitute for phosphorus in various molecular structures. 3 Several arsenic phosphides were synthesized during the early 19th century using various methods, such as heating the elements together, 4 adding phosphorus to a solution of arsenious acid, 5 and via the reaction of phosphine with arsenic halides.…”

“…Phosphorus is observed in various forms as white, red, black, or Hittorf's phosphorus, which is violet in colour. Phosphorus can form phosphides with practically all metals and with some metalloids including arsenic . Arsenic can substitute for phosphorus in various molecular structures .…”

Dimorphic CeZnPO and PrZnPO

“…Similar behaviour was observed for various arsenides, antimonides, and bismuthides. These data are summarized in two review articles [5,6] and a recent contribution on Ca 4 Bi 2 O [7].…”