“…According to our previous study [ 16 ], 5 min in situ photo-initiated copolymerization ( Fig. 1 ) was selected for preparing zwitterionic SBVI-based hydrophilic monoliths, which was a significantly shorter duration than that used for conventional thermally initiated copolymerization of multi-monomer systems (at least 12 h, such as those functionalized with zwitterionic sulfobetaine [ 30 , 32 ], phosphatidylethanolamine [ 39 ], phosphorylcholine [ 12 , 40 ], and choline phosphate [ 17 ]). Fig.…”
“…According to our previous study [ 16 ], 5 min in situ photo-initiated copolymerization ( Fig. 1 ) was selected for preparing zwitterionic SBVI-based hydrophilic monoliths, which was a significantly shorter duration than that used for conventional thermally initiated copolymerization of multi-monomer systems (at least 12 h, such as those functionalized with zwitterionic sulfobetaine [ 30 , 32 ], phosphatidylethanolamine [ 39 ], phosphorylcholine [ 12 , 40 ], and choline phosphate [ 17 ]). Fig.…”
“…Phospholipids, as a self-assembling bilayer structure of cell membranes, were modified in different material interfaces for biological applications, including immobilized artificial membrane chromatography (IAM) and cell-membrane-functionalized systems, which emerged as promising biomimetic platforms for the prediction of drug–membrane interactions, drug discovery, drug delivery, detoxification, and immune modulation . Normally, phospholipids were immobilized on the material interfaces in a right-side-out modified manner (intrachain phosphate groups in the phospholipids and choline groups exposed to the outside) to maintain the natural structure, for example, phosphorylcholine (PC), − phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE), or mixed phospholipid , modified IAM materials. However, this orientation could not be beneficial to additional functionalities likely to foster further modifications for new applications .…”
Phospholipid-based materials exhibit great application potential in the fields of chemistry, biology, and pharmaceutical sciences. In this study, an inside-out oriented choline phosphate molecule, 2-{2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyldimethylammonium}ethyl nbutyl phosphate (MBP), was proposed and verified as a novel ligand of C-reactive protein (CRP) to enrich the functionality of these materials. Compared with phosphorylcholine (PC)-CRP interactions, the binding between MBP and CRP was not affected by the reverse position of phosphate and choline groups and even found more abundant binding sites. Thus, high-density MBP-grafted biomimetic magnetic nanomaterials (MBP−MNPs) were fabricated by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization based on thiolene click chemistry. The novel materials exhibited multifunctional applications for CRP including purification and ultrasensitive detection. On the one hand, higher specificity, recovery (90%), purity (95%), and static binding capacity (198.14 mg/g) for CRP were achieved on the novel materials in comparison with traditional PCbased materials, and the enriched CRP from patient serum can maintain its structural integrity and bioactivity. On the other hand, the CRP detection method combining G-quadruplex and thioflavin T developed with MBP−MNPs showed a lower detection limit (10 pM) and wider linear range (0.1−50 nM) than most PC-functionalized analytical platforms. Therefore, the inside-out oriented choline phosphate can not only precisely recognize CRP but also be combined with biomimetic nanomaterials to provide high application potential.
“…Besides PC, other phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), are also abundant in vivo, 20 for example, in lung tissues. A new PE‐functionalised biomimetic monolith stationary phases have been synthesised and compared to the commercially available PC stationary phase from Regis Technologies 21 . The authors investigated the retention mechanism and the reproducibility of the new HPLC column.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A new PE‐functionalised biomimetic monolith stationary phases have been synthesised and compared to the commercially available PC stationary phase from Regis Technologies. 21 The authors investigated the retention mechanism and the reproducibility of the new HPLC column. It showed remarkable similarity to the IAM PC.…”
Biomimetic chromatography is the name of the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) methods that apply stationary phases containing proteins and phospholipids that can mimic the biological environment where drug molecules distribute. The applied mobile phases are aqueous organic with a pH of 7.4 to imitate physiological conditions that would be encountered in the human body. The calibrated retention of molecules on biomimetic stationary phases reveals a compound's affinity to proteins and phospholipids, which can be used to model the biological and environmental fate of molecules. This technology, when standardised, enables the prediction of in vivo partition and distribution behaviour of compounds and aids the selection of the best compounds for further studies to become a drug molecule. Applying biomimetic chromatographic measurements helps reduce the number of animal experiments during the drug discovery process. New biomimetic stationary phases, such as sphingomyelin and phosphatidylethanolamine, widen the application to the modelling of blood-brain barrier distribution and lung tissue binding. Recently, the measured properties have also been used to predict toxicity, such as phospholipidosis and cardiotoxicity. The aquatic toxicity of drugs and pesticides can be predicted using biomimetic chromatographic data. Biomimetic chromatographic separation methods may also be extended in the future to predict protein and receptor binding kinetics. The development of new biomimetic stationary phases and new prediction models will further accelerate the widespread application of this analytical method.
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