Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo 31P MRS signal from the human liver

Chmelík, Marek; Valkovič, Ladislav; Wolf, Peter; Bogner, Wolfgang; Gajdošík, Martin; Halilbasic, Emina; Gruber, Stephan; Trauner, Michael; Krebs, Michael; Trattnig, Siegfried; Krššák, Martin

doi:10.1007/s00330-014-3578-y

Cited by 21 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The previous studies on rat liver have not considered the impact of PtdCh contributing to the resonance at 2.06 ppm, and therefore assigned the combined PEP and PtdCh resonance to PEP only, as these cannot be resolved in vivo . Our results suggest that the in vivo resonance at 2.06 ppm also arises from PtdCh from liver bile ducts or gall bladder, in line with other recent studies .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

et al. 2015

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High field MR scanners can resolve a metabolite resonating at 2.06 ppm in the in vivo proton-decoupled liver (31) P MR spectrum. Traditionally this peak has been assigned to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the key metabolite for gluconeogenesis. However, recent evidence supported the assignment to biliary phosphatidylcholine (PtdCh), which is produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. To elucidate the respective contributions of PtdCh and PEP to the in vivo resonance at 2.06 ppm (PEP-PtdCh), we made phantom measurements that confirmed that both biliary PtdCh and PEP resonate approximately at 2 ppm. The absolute quantification of PEP-PtdCh yielded concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 2.0 mmol/l, with mean coefficients of variation of 4.8% for intraday and 7.2% for interday reproducibility in healthy volunteers. The T1 relaxation time of PEP-PtdCh was 0.97 ± 0.30 s in the liver and 0.44 ± 0.11 s in the gallbladder. Ingestion of a mixed meal decreased the concentration of PtdCh-PEP by approximately 12%. In the retrospective analysis, PEP-PtdCh was 68% higher in the liver of subjects with gallbladder infiltration of the volume of interest (VOI) compared with those without gallbladder infiltration. PEP-PtdCh was also significantly higher in the liver of cholecystectomy patients compared with volunteers without gallbladder infiltration, which suggests increased intrahepatic bile fluid as a compensation for gall bladder removal. These results show that liver PtdCh is the major component of the resonance at 2.06 ppm and that careful VOI positioning is mandatory to avoid interference from the gallbladder.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

et al. 2015

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“…To avoid possible contamination from muscle tissue, gall bladder, or adjacent liver tissue, localization of the hepatic 31 P-MRS signal must be achieved [8], [17], [53], [217]. To this end, a variety of different strategies (Fig.…”

Section: P-mrs Of Human Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased fructose intake over a four week period was also shown to cause an increase in NADH in healthy volunteers [40]. Moreover, PtdC – a dominant component of the human bile MRS signal – contribution to the hepatic in vivo 31 P-MRS signal was identified [8] and independently confirmed [217]. Further studies should investigate the potential use of the PtdC resonance for metabolic studies of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts.…”

Section: P-mrs Of Human Livermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an additional phospholipid signal, i.e. phosphatidylcholine (PtdC), was recognized in the human liver spectra, which presumably originates from bile, and its assessment could potentially hold diagnostic value in bile duct and liver disorders [8]. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in its oxidized and reduced form (NAD + and NADH, respectively) and uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) can be also detected in 31 P-MR spectra, particularly when using ultra-high fields, such as 7 T.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-vivo 31P-MRS of skeletal muscle and liver: A way for non-invasive assessment of their metabolism

Valkovič

Chmelík

Krššák

2017

Analytical Biochemistry

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In addition to direct assessment of high energy phosphorus containing metabolite content within tissues, phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) provides options to measure phospholipid metabolites and cellular pH, as well as the kinetics of chemical reactions of energy metabolism in vivo. Even though the great potential of 31P-MR was recognized over 30 years ago, modern MR systems, as well as new, dedicated hardware and measurement techniques provide further opportunities for research of human biochemistry. This paper presents a methodological overview of the 31P-MR techniques that can be used for basic, physiological, or clinical research of human skeletal muscle and liver in vivo. Practical issues of 31P-MRS experiments and examples of potential applications are also provided. As signal localization is essential for liver 31P-MRS and is important for dynamic muscle examinations as well, typical localization strategies for 31P-MR are also described.

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“…Further investigation within the liver and other tumor sites are warranted to explore the clinical relevance of such a metabolic phenotype. There is an additional and known background signal in the liver not present in breast or prostate phosphorous spectroscopy at 2.06 ppm, corresponding to phosphatidylcholine (PtC) that is present in the liver and in high concentrations in the gall bladder . As the spectra presented in Figure come from voxels near the gall bladder, there are large peaks from PtC (2.06 ppm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherently decoupled¹H antennas and³¹P loops for metabolic imaging of liver metastasis at 7 T

et al. 2020

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High field 31P spectroscopy has thus far been limited to diffuse liver disease. Unlike lower field‐strength scanners, there is no body coil in the bore of the 7 T and despite inadequate penetration depth (<10 cm), surface coils are the current state‐of‐the‐art for acquiring anatomical images to support multinuclear studies. We present a system of proton antennas and phosphorus loops for 31P spectroscopy and provide the first ultrahigh‐field phosphorus metabolic imaging of a tumor in the abdomen. Herein we characterize the degree to which antennas are isolated from underlying loops. Next, we evaluate the penetration depth of the two antennas available during multinuclear examinations. Finally, we combine phosphorus spectroscopy (two loops) with parallel transmit imaging (eight antennas) in a patient. The loops and antennas are inherently decoupled (no added circuitry, <0.1% power coupling). The penetration depth of two antennas gives twice that of conventional loops. The liver and full axial slice of the abdomen were imaged with eight transmit/receive antennas using parallel transmit B1‐shimming to overcome image voids. Phosphorus spectroscopy from a liver metastasis resolved individual peaks for phosphocholine and phosphoethenalomine. Proton antennas are inherently decoupled from phosphorus loops. By using two proton antennas it is possible to perform region‐of‐interest image‐based shimming in over 80% of the liver volume, thereby enabling phosphorus spectroscopy of localized disease. Shimming of the full extent of the abdominal cross‐section is feasible using a parallel transmit array of eight antennas. A system architecture capable of supporting eight‐channel parallel transmit and multinuclear spectroscopy is optimal for supporting multiparametric body imaging, including metabolic imaging, for monitoring the response of patients with liver metastases to cancer treatments and for patient risk stratification. In the meantime, the existing infrastructure using two antennas is sufficient for preliminary studies in metabolic imaging of tumors in the liver.

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Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo 31P MRS signal from the human liver

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

In-vivo 31P-MRS of skeletal muscle and liver: A way for non-invasive assessment of their metabolism

Inherently decoupled¹H antennas and³¹P loops for metabolic imaging of liver metastasis at 7 T

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Phosphatidylcholine contributes to in vivo 31P MRS signal from the human liver

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

In-vivo 31P-MRS of skeletal muscle and liver: A way for non-invasive assessment of their metabolism

Inherently decoupled1H antennas and31P loops for metabolic imaging of liver metastasis at 7 T

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Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

Characterization of the peak at 2.06 ppm in ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human liver: phosphoenolpyruvate or phosphatidylcholine?

Inherently decoupled¹H antennas and³¹P loops for metabolic imaging of liver metastasis at 7 T