Phosphate Ester Acids as Load-Carrying Additives and Rust Inhibitors for Metalworking Fluids

Beiswanger, John P. G.; Katzenstein, William; Krupin, Fred

doi:10.1080/05698196408972070

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Unfortunately, few of them can be used as multifunctional additives in water-based lubricants. To the best of our knowledge, there are very few papers on synthesis of multifunctional water-soluble additives up to now (Wang et al, 2011;Beiswangera et al, 1964), and we believe that more efforts should be made on this aspect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives as multifunctional additives in water-based hydraulic fluid

Wang

et al. 2014

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to present the tribological, anticorrosion and antirust properties of three 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMTD) derivatives as water-soluble additives in water-glycol hydraulic fluid. Design/methodology/approach -DMTD derivatives possessing excellent corrosion inhibiting and extreme-pressure (EP) properties have long been used as metal passivators and load-carrying additives in lubricating oils and grease. However, there are seldom literatures about DMTD derivatives as water-soluble lubricant additives as yet. In this work, three DMTD derivatives were synthesized and investigated as water-soluble additives in the water-glycol hydraulic fluid. Their tribological properties were evaluated in detail by four-ball wear test machine and Optimol SRV-IV oscillating friction and wear tester. Meanwhile, their anticorrosion and antirust properties were also investigated by copper strip corrosive tests and antirust tests, respectively. The worn surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photonelectron spectroscope, and the EP, antiwear and friction-reducing mechanisms were primarily proposed. Findings -The synthesized three DMTD derivatives (coded as A, B and C) have excellent solubility in the base liquid of the water-glycol hydraulic fluid. The experimental results demonstrated that all these compounds, especially A, could remarkably improve the EP, antiwear and friction-reducing properties of the base liquid. Furthermore, they all have perfect copper corrosion inhibiting and antirust properties with low adding concentration (Ͻ 3 weight per cent) in the base liquid and hence could be used as multifunctional additives in the water-glycol hydraulic fluid. Research limitations/implications -This research only focused on the synthesized DMTD derivatives. If possible, some other thiadiazole derivatives also should be investigated. Practical implications -The synthesized DMTD derivatives, especially compound A, can be used as multifunctional water-soluble additives in the water-glycol hydraulic fluid. Originality/value -In this paper, three DMTD derivatives were synthesized and their tribological behaviors as water-soluble lubricant additives were investigated for the first time. In addition, the EP, antiwear and friction-reducing mechanisms were also put forward.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives as multifunctional additives in water-based hydraulic fluid

Wang

et al. 2014

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology

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Tribochemistry and the development of AW and EP oil additives — a review

Xue

Liu

1994

Lubrication Science

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The antiwear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) properties of chlorine, sulphur, phosphorus‐containing organic compounds and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) oil additives are affected greatly by their reactive ability to the metal surface, as well as by the chemical composition, chemical state, physical and mechanical properties of the protective films formed. Over four decades, research has taken place on boundary lubrication, and a much better understanding of the AW and EP action mechanism of one additive by itself in base oil has been obtained, and much more knowledge on the relationship between wear and decomposition of additives, adsorption and reaction of the additive or its decomposed products with metal, has been gained. A series of analytical methods and a great number of modern surface analytical tools have been set up and used for research in this area. The problems and some suggestions for the future study on boundary lubrication of oil additive are proposed.

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Future directions of fundamental research in additive tribochemistry

Wei

1995

Lubrication Science

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This paper reviews briefly the present state of fundamental research, in tribochemistry of load‐carrying additives, including oiliness agents, organolsulphur, organochlorine, organophosphorus, organic borates and organometallic compounds. The emphasis is on the weak areas of investigation. It is revealed that the least understood mechanisms, such as the effect of additives on fretting wear, additive‐material compatibility, the efficacy of antifatigue additives and the action of water‐based fluid additives in metalworking, are the concern of overlapping spheres of learning. A cooperative effort by chemists, metallurgists and mechanical engineers would help overcome the difficulties posed by problems in areas beyond individual expertises. Some research projects for the future are also suggested.

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Phosphate Ester Acids as Load-Carrying Additives and Rust Inhibitors for Metalworking Fluids

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

A study of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives as multifunctional additives in water-based hydraulic fluid

A study of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives as multifunctional additives in water-based hydraulic fluid

Tribochemistry and the development of AW and EP oil additives — a review

Future directions of fundamental research in additive tribochemistry

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