Phosgene-Induced acute lung injury: Approaches for mechanism-based treatment strategies

Cao, Chao; Zhang, Lin; Shen, Jie

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.917395

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Therefore, it can be concluded that genes and pathways related to neuronal projection and inflammation regulation determine the severity and prognosis of P-ALI. A systematic review showed that the pathophysiological mechanisms of phosgene inhalation lung injury included lung epithelial-endothelial cell injury, immune microenvironment changes, and pulmonary neuronal stimulation (Cao et al, 2022). Neuronal pulmonary edema was considered to be a key pathogenic factor of P-ALI.…”

Section: Identification and Functional Analysis Of Differential Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of phosgene aspiration lung injury analyzed based on transcriptomics and proteomics

Wang,

Shao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Genet.

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BackgroundPhosgene is a chemical material widely used worldwide. No effective method has been developed to reverse its pathological injuries. Some studies have shown that neuronal inflammation in lung tissue is involved, but the specific mechanism has not been reported.ObjectiveTo analyze the expression alterations of whole transcriptome gene sequencing bioinformatics and protein expression profile in lung tissue after phosgene aspiration lung injury (P-ALI) and find the main factors and pathways affecting the prognosis of P-ALI.MethodsRat models of P-ALI were made by phosgene. Rats were divided into a P-ALI group and a blank group. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and lung wet/dry ratio measurement were used to evaluate the lung injury. The levels of inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA. High-throughput sequencing was used to measure the expression profile of each gene. Protein expression profiles were determined by label-free relative quantification of the differential proteome.ResultsLung injury such as the disordered structure of alveolar wall and inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33) were significantly increased in the P-ALI group (p < 0.05). There were 225 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including 85 upregulated and 140 downregulated genes. They were also the genomes with the most significant changes in transcriptome gene expression, mainly constituting cytoplasmic, synaptic structures and transporters, and involved in amino acid and carbon metabolism. There were 42 differentially expressed circRNAs, including 25 upregulated genes and 17 downregulated genes, mainly involved in cell composition, growth, differentiation, and division. There were only 10 differentially expressed miRNAs genes, all upregulated and mainly involved in the inflammatory response pathway. Proteome identification showed 79 differentially expressed proteins. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that it was mainly involved in the N-glycan biosynthesis pathway.ConclusionWe discovered that differentially regulated genes (lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs) were primarily associated with neuronal reflexes and synaptic signaling, including neurotransmitter transmission, ion signaling pathway conduction, neuronal projection, and synaptic vesicle circulation. They affected inflammatory factors and other metabolic pathways. This finding could be explored in future studies.

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Section: Identification and Functional Analysis Of Differential Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of phosgene aspiration lung injury analyzed based on transcriptomics and proteomics

Wang,

Shao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Genet.

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“…Легкий ступінь характеризується ознаками подразнення слизових оболонок, незначним набряком легень, а одужання настає на п'яту добу. Кашель, подразнення слизових оболонок, набряк легень, збудження -це ознаки середнього ступеня отруєння (Hobson et al, 2021;Cao et al, 2022). Одужання тварин настає в середньому до десяти діб при наданні лікарської допомоги тваринам.…”

Section: н м слободюкunclassified

Weapons of mass destruction and their effects on animals

Slobodyuk

2022

SMLNUVMB

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Unfortunately, in the 21st century, humanity is pondering the devastating consequences that weapons of mass destruction can inflict on us. The reason for this is the inevitable severe damage to animals and people in this case and the first steps of medical care that must be provided to the victims. Weapons of mass destruction are nuclear, chemical, and biological, each of which has uniquely harmful effects on macro-organisms and the environment. The result of a nuclear explosion is radioactive pollution of the environment and the occurrence of radiation sickness in animals under the influence of radionuclides. The nuclear wave causes injuries and burns in animals of varying degrees of complexity and localization. Xenobiotics, as a quick-acting chemical weapon, cause skin-burning (moisture, nitrogen mustard, lewisite), nerve-paralytic (zoman, sarin, V-gases (Vx-gases), suffocating (phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene, thiophosgene, chlorine), general poisoning (hydrocyanic acid and chlorocyanine) and irritating (chloroacetophenone, Ci-Es (CS), Ci-Ap (СR), adamsite) effects on macroorganisms with specific clinical manifestations. The characteristic of substances with a skin-irritating effect is the ability to affect the skin by forming blisters and ulcers, which are difficult to treat. Disorders of the functions of the nervous system, muscle spasms, and paralysis are characteristic clinical signs of exposure to nerve-paralytic substances. Suffocating xenobiotics causes pulmonary edema and respiratory arrest, and overall tissue respiratory depression. Irritation of the eyes with subsequent development of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract with the rapid development of edema is characteristic of substances with an irritating effect. In most cases, each chemical compound received its name after the developer’s name. Most of them were first used in the First World War. Most of the xenobiotics mentioned above are prohibited by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993.

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“…The phosgene process is the current industrial method for isocyanate production. However, phosgene, a highly toxic gas, poses environmental and health risks. − Consequently, substantial research endeavors are dedicated to devising new isocyanate production methods. This review discusses isocyanate preparation techniques, including the phosgene and nonphosgene methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How To Get Isocyanate?

Guo,

Ding,

Wang

2024

ACS Omega

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Isocyanate, a pivotal chemical intermediate to synthesize polyurethane with widespread applications in household appliances, automobiles, and construction, is predominantly produced via the phosgene process, which currently holds a paramount status in industrial isocyanate production. Nonetheless, concerns arise from the toxicity of phosgene and the corrosiveness of hydrogen chloride, posing safety hazards. The synthesis of isocyanate using nonphosgene methods represents a promising avenue for future development. This article primarily focuses on the nonphosgene approach, which involves the formation of carbamate through the reaction of nitro-amino compounds with carbon monoxide, dimethyl carbonate, and urea, among other reagents, subsequently leading to the thermal decomposition of carbamate to get isocyanate. This paper emphasizes the progress in catalyst development during the carbamate decomposition process. Single-component metal catalysts, particularly zinc, exhibit advantages such as high activity, cost-effectiveness, and compatibility with a wide range of substrates. Composite catalysts enhance isocyanate yield by introducing a second component to adjust the active metal composition. The central research direction aims to optimize catalyst adaptation to reaction conditions, including temperature, pressure, time, and solvent, to achieve high raw material conversion and product yield.

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Phosgene-Induced acute lung injury: Approaches for mechanism-based treatment strategies

Cited by 11 publications

References 102 publications

Characteristics of phosgene aspiration lung injury analyzed based on transcriptomics and proteomics

Characteristics of phosgene aspiration lung injury analyzed based on transcriptomics and proteomics

Weapons of mass destruction and their effects on animals

How To Get Isocyanate?

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