Phonological and orthographic components of word recognition. A PET- rCBF study

Rumsey, Judith M.; Horwitz, Barry; Donohue, Brian C.; Nace, Kristy; Maisog, José M.; Andreason, Paul

doi:10.1093/brain/120.5.739

Cited by 378 publications

(311 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Furthermore, the posterior frontal group accounted for most of this deficit, and they were more aphasic than the anterior frontals. Their group averaged lesion included substantial overlap with the left inferior and middle frontal and left insular areas activated in the studies of Price et al w x w x 56 and Rumsey et al 64 , as illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Lexical-semantic Processing and Left Prefrontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming: an ERP study

Swick

1998

Cognitive Brain Research

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The role of left prefrontal cortex in lexical-semantic processing remains a matter of some debate. Functional neuroimaging Ž . experiments have reported blood flow changes in left inferior prefrontal cortex LIPC during tasks that involve word retrieval and semantic processing. Some of these studies have also implicated LIPC in repetition priming. To determine the necessity of prefrontal Ž . cortex for these types of memory and to elucidate their time-course, behavioral and event-related potential ERP correlates of lexical Ž processing and repetition priming were examined in 11 stroke patients with lesions centered in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex areas 9 and . 46 . Damage extended inferiorly and posteriorly to areas 6, 8, 44, and 45 in some subjects, so patients were subdivided into anterior and posterior frontal subgroups. Visually presented words and pronounceable non-words were repeated after one of three delays. Subjects categorized stimuli as either words or non-words in a lexical decision task. Controls showed significant word priming at all three delays. Old words elicited more positive-going potentials than new words, beginning at 300 ms and lasting until 500-700 ms. This ERP repetition effect was reduced, but not eliminated, by both anterior and posterior frontal lesions. However, behavioral priming was intact in the patients, suggesting that prefrontal cortex may modulate the neural generators in posterior cortical regions that are critical for priming. Left posterior frontal lesions resulted in impaired performance in the lexical decision task and a reduction in the amplitude of the late Ž . positive component LPC . These latter findings suggest that left posterior prefrontal cortex is important for the categorization and selection processes required by lexical-semantic tasks. q 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Section: Lexical-semantic Processing and Left Prefrontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…These results will also be related to the neuroimaging literature. 56,64 , leading the former authors to conclude that the subjects adopted a phonological strategy to perform the task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming: an ERP study

Swick

1998

Cognitive Brain Research

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“…Further support for an involvement of these areas in phonological processing is provided by a number of studies (e.g., Fiebach et al, 2002;Mechelli et al, 2007;Rumsey et al, 1997;Carreiras, Mechelli, and Price, 2006;Carreiras et al, 2007;Owen et al, 2004;Posner and Raichle, 1994;Ischebeck et al, 2004;Dietz et al, 2005, Borowsky et al, 2006 and also from imaging studies using pseudohomophones in visual word recognition reporting left and right inferior frontal gyrus activity (pars opercularis and triangularis) for pseudohomophones when compared to pseudowords (e.g., Edwards et al, 2005;Kronbichler et al, 2007).…”

Section: Early Phonological Activation In Visual Word Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

Braun¹,

Hutzler²,

Ziegler³

et al. 2008

Human Brain Mapping

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Previous research using event-related brain potentials (ERPs) suggested that phonological processing in visual word recognition occurs rather late, typically after semantic or syntactic processing. Here we show that phonological activation in visual word recognition can be observed much earlier. Using a lexical decision task, we show that ERPs to pseudohomophones (e.g., ROZE) differed from well matched spelling controls (e.g., ROFE) as early as 150 ms (P150) after stimulus onset. The pseudohomophone effect occurred as early as the word frequency effect suggesting that phonological activation occurs early enough to influence lexical access. Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis (LORETA) revealed that left temporo-parietal and right fronto-temporal areas are the likely brain regions associated with the processing of phonological information at the lexical level. Altogether, the results show that phonological processes are activated early in visual word recognition and play an important role in lexical access.

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“…This deficit has been associated with a dysfunction of the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex in adolescents and adults (e.g., (Brunswick et al, 1999;Helenius et al, 1999;Horwitz et al, 1998; Kronbichler et al, 2006; McCrory et al, 2005; Paulesu et al, 2001;Rumsey et al, 1997a;Rumsey et al, 1997b;Salmelin et al, 1996;Shaywitz et al, 2003; In our previous fMRI study, we specifically investigated print processing in the VWF-System in children with and without dyslexia while they indicated if visual stimuli (real words, pseudohomophones, pseudowords and false-fonts) sounded like a real word (Van der Mark et al, 2009). We found that a posterior-anterior gradient of print specificity (higher anterior activity to letter strings but higher posterior activity to false-fonts) as well as a constant sensitivity to orthographic familiarity (higher activity for unfamiliar than familiar word-forms) along the VWF-System could only be detected in controls.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia

et al. 2011

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The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia van der Mark, S; Klaver, P; Bucher, K; Maurer, U; Schulz, E; Brem, S; Martin, E; Brandeis, D van der Mark, S; Klaver, P; Bucher, K; Maurer, U; Schulz, E; Brem, S; Martin, E; Brandeis, D (2011). The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia. The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia Abstract Developmental dyslexia is a severe reading disorder, which is characterized by dysfluent reading and impaired automaticity of visual word processing. Adults with dyslexia show functional deficits in several brain regions including the so-called "Visual Word Form Area" (VWFA), which is implicated in visual word processing and located within the larger left occipitotemporal VWF-System. The present study examines functional connections of the left occipitotemporal VWF-System with other major language areas in children with dyslexia. Functional connectivity MRI was used to assess connectivity of the VWF-System in 18 children with dyslexia and 24 age matched controls (age 9.7-12.5 years) using five neighbouring left occipitotemporal regions of interest (ROIs) during a continuous reading task requiring phonological and orthographic processing. First, the results revealed a focal origin of connectivity from the VWF-System, in that mainly the VWFA was functionally connected with typical left frontal and parietal language areas in control children. Adjacent posterior and anterior VWF-System ROIs did not show such connectivity, confirming the special role that the VWFA plays in word processing. Second, we detected a significant disruption of functional connectivity between the VWFA and left inferior frontal and left inferior parietal language areas in the children with dyslexia. The current findings add to our understanding of dyslexia by showing that functional disconnection of the left occipitotemporal system is limited to the small VWFA region crucial for automatic visual word processing, and emerges early during reading acquisition in children with dyslexia, along with deficits in orthographic and phonological processing of visual word forms. ÔØ Å ÒÙ× Ö ÔØThe left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the cont...

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Phonological and orthographic components of word recognition. A PET- rCBF study

Cited by 378 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming: an ERP study

Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming: an ERP study

Pseudohomophone effects provide evidence of early lexico‐phonological processing in visual word recognition

The left occipitotemporal system in reading: Disruption of focal fMRI connectivity to left inferior frontal and inferior parietal language areas in children with dyslexia

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