Phonation Threshold Flow in Elongated Excised Larynges

Jiang, Jack J.; Regner, Michael F.; Tao, Chao; Pauls, Steven W.

doi:10.1177/000348940811700714

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A more relaxed habitual glottal behaviour can sometimes result in a slightly lowered speaking pitch, especially in women suffering from hyperfunctional dysphonia who are undergoing voice therapy. This clinical experience is in accordance with the theoretical framework that the required PTP is somewhat lowered by a (Jiang et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2007). Again, in the case of a thickened vocal fold mucosa, it seems rational to assume, that if the vocal folds are not stretched, but rather the increased mass are 'allowed' to oscillate relaxed, occasions of damped oscillation can be prevented but this will be at the cost of vibration at a lower rate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Also fundamental frequency has been shown to vary systematically with PTP; the higher the F0, i.e. the more stretched vocal folds, the higher pressure is required to initiate vocal fold oscillation (Jiang, Regner, Tao, & Pauls, 2008;Zhang, Reynders, Jiang, & Tateya, 2007). So, intermittent aphonia as a perceptual phenomenon seems closely related to an insufficient degree of subglottal pressure to initiate vocal fold oscillation in cases of increased PTP.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of syllable stress and phonetic context on the distribution of intermittent aphonia

Iwarsson

Fredsø

2014

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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The occurrence of intermittent aphonia, perceived as sudden interruptions of voicing in connected speech, often reflects high stiffness of the vocal fold mucosa as part of a voice disorder. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the overarching hypothesis that the aphonic instances in voices with intermittent aphonia are not totally randomly appearing, but related to syllable stress and phonetic context. Recordings of 31 dysphonic patients with intermittent aphonia reading a standard text were analyzed perceptually. All vowels of the text were labelled and categorized with regard to syllable stress and character of the phoneme preceding the vowel. The occurrence of aphonic instances within each syllable category was analyzed. Four different hypotheses were formulated and analyzed by the non-parametric Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test. The results showed a significantly higher occurrence of aphonic instances in unstressed syllables as opposed to stressed, in vowels following an unvoiced phoneme as opposed to a voiced, and in vowels following two or more unvoiced phonemes as opposed to one unvoiced phoneme. No significant difference was found between vowels following aspirated stops [p], [t], [k] as opposed to unaspirated stops [b], [d], [g]. The findings support the theory that both physiological and functional aspects may contribute to the phenomenon of intermittent aphonia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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confidence: 99%

Impact of syllable stress and phonetic context on the distribution of intermittent aphonia

Iwarsson

Fredsø

2014

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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“…found a significant correlation between PTF and vocal fold elongation [74]. No statistically significant relationship was found between the size of larynx and the measured PTF.…”

Section: Excised Human and Animal Larynx Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments on Analysing Voice Production: Excised (Human, Animal) and In Vivo (Animal) Approaches

Döllinger¹,

Kobler²,

Berry³

et al. 2011

CBIO

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Experiments on human and on animal excised specimens as well as in vivo animal preparations are so far the most realistic approaches to simulate the in vivo process of human phonation. These experiments do not have the disadvantage of limited space within the neck and enable studies of the actual organ necessary for phonation, i.e., the larynx. The studies additionally allow the analysis of flow, vocal fold dynamics, and resulting acoustics in relation to well-defined laryngeal alterations. Purpose of Review This paper provides an overview of the applications and usefulness of excised (human/animal) specimen and in vivo animal experiments in voice research. These experiments have enabled visualization and analysis of dehydration effects, vocal fold scarring, bifurcation and chaotic vibrations, three-dimensional vibrations, aerodynamic effects, and mucosal wave propagation along the medial surface. Quantitative data will be shown to give an overview of measured laryngeal parameter values. As yet, a full understanding of all existing interactions in voice production has not been achieved, and thus, where possible, we try to indicate areas needing further study. Recent Findings A further motivation behind this review is to highlight recent findings and technologies related to the study of vocal fold dynamics and its applications. For example, studies of interactions between vocal tract airflow and generation of acoustics have recently shown that airflow superior to the glottis is governed by not only vocal fold dynamics but also by subglottal and supraglottal structures. In addition, promising new methods to investigate kinematics and dynamics have been reported recently, including dynamic optical coherence tomography, X-ray stroboscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction with laser projection systems. Finally, we touch on the relevance of vocal fold dynamics to clinical laryngology and to clinically-oriented research.

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“…When a polyp or nodule is present, the glottal closure is limited, thus increasing air leakage during phonation and resulting in higher-than-normal airflow measurements. 12 Previous experiments using excised canine larynges have shown PTF to increase with the size of a posterior glottal gap, 13 vocal fold elongation, 14 and surface dehydration. 15 Hottinger et al 13 determined that PTF is more sensitive than PTP to changes in posterior glottal width, demonstrating the potential value of the flow parameter in evaluating disorders that are characterized by glottal insufficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Phonation Threshold Power in Normal and Disordered Voice Production

Zhuang

Swinarska²,

Robieux

et al. 2013

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol

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Objectives Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and phonation threshold flow (PTF) are useful aerodynamic parameters, but each is sensitive to different disorders. A single comprehensive aerodynamic parameter sensitive to a variety of disorders might be beneficial in quantitative voice assessment. We performed the first study of phonation threshold power (PTW) in human subjects. Methods PTP and PTF were measured in 100 normal subjects, 19 subjects with vocal fold immobility, and 94 subjects with a benign mass lesion. PTW was calculated from these two parameters. In 41 subjects with a polyp, measurements were obtained before and after excision. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the ability of the three parameters to distinguish between controls and disordered groups. Results The PTW (p < 0.001), PTP (p < 0.001), and PTF (p < 0.001) were different among the three groups. All parameters decreased after polyp excision. PTW had the highest area under the ROC curve for all analyses. Conclusions PTW is sensitive to the presence of mass lesions and vocal fold mobility disorders. Additionally, changes in PTW can be observed after excision of mass lesions. PTW could be a useful parameter to describe the aerodynamic inputs to voice production.

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Phonation Threshold Flow in Elongated Excised Larynges

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Impact of syllable stress and phonetic context on the distribution of intermittent aphonia

Impact of syllable stress and phonetic context on the distribution of intermittent aphonia

Experiments on Analysing Voice Production: Excised (Human, Animal) and In Vivo (Animal) Approaches

Measurement of Phonation Threshold Power in Normal and Disordered Voice Production

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