“…Increased segment durations (Benjamin, 1982;Smith, et al, 1987) have been a relatively consistent finding, along with reduced speed of performance on oral diadochokinetic tasks (Padovani, Gielow, & Behlau, 2009;Parnell & Amerman, 1987), presence of spirantization in the stop gap (Liss, et al, 1990) and reduced tongue-to-palate contact during fricative production (McAuliffe, Ward, & Murdoch, 2006). Agerelated vowel centralization has been observed in a number of cases, particularly for very old individuals (Benjamin, 1982;Liss, et al, 1990).…”