Phoenixin-14 alters transcriptome and steroid profiles in female green-spotted puffer (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis)

Abstract

Phoenixin (PNX) is a highly conserved, novel hormone with diverse functions, including hypothalamic control of reproduction, appetite modulation, and regulation of energy metabolism and inflammation. While some functions appear conserved across vertebrates, additional research is required to fully characterize these complex pleiotropic effects. For instance, very little is known about transcriptome level changes associated with PNX exposure, including responses in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, which is critical in vertebrate reproduction. In addition, the PNX system may be especially complex in fish, where an additional receptor is likely present in some species. The purpose of this study was to assess hypothalamic and ovarian transcriptomes after PNX-14 administration in female vitellogenic green-spotted puffer (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis). Steroid-related changes were also assessed in the liver and blood plasma. Hypothalamic responses included pro-inflammatory signals such as interleukin 1β, possibly related to gut–brain axis functions, as well as suppression of cell proliferation. Ovarian responses were more widely downregulated across all identified pathways, which may reflect progression to a less transcriptionally active state in oocytes. Both organs shared regulation in transforming growth factor-β and extracellular matrix remodeling (periostin) pathways. Reproductive processes were in general downregulated, but both inhibiting (bone morphogenetic protein 15 and follistatin) and promoting (17-hydroxyprogesterone) factors for oocyte maturation were identified. Select genes involved in reproduction (vitellogenins, estrogen receptors) in the liver were unresponsive to PNX-14 and higher doses may be needed to induce reproductive effects in D. nigroviridis. These results reinforce the complexity of PNX actions in diverse tissues and highlight important roles for this hormone in regulating the immune response, energy metabolism, and cell growth.

Phoenixin-14 as a novel direct regulator of porcine luteal cell functions

“…In zebrafish, PNX-20 stimulates steroidogenesis: it increases the mRNA expression of many steroidogenic factors, including cyp11a1 , cyp17a1 , cyp19a1 , and 17bhsd , as well as er2a and er2b in the ovary [10]. In contrast, Breton et al [37] performed transcriptome and steroid profiles in female green-spotted puffer ( Dichotomyctere nigroviridis ) and found that steroidogenic enzymes are largely unaffected by PNX-14 treatment. Although they found that PNX-14 administration increased the blood P 4 levels in females, these changes were not significant.…”

“…In the literature, PNX expression has been demonstrated in the ovary of rodents [ 7 , 9 ], chickens [ 33 ], and humans [ 7 ], while GPR173 has been detected in rodents [ 7 , 9 , 13 , 34 ], cattle [ 35 ], and humans [ 7 , 36 ]. The PNX/GPR173 system has also been described extensively in fish [ 8 , 10 , 37 ]. More precisely, in both human and mouse ovaries, PNX/GPR173 signals have been detected in Gc and theca cells (Tc), and prominently in oocytes.…”

“…In contrast, Breton et al. [ 37 ] performed transcriptome and steroid profiles in female green-spotted puffer ( Dichotomyctere nigroviridis ) and found that steroidogenic enzymes are largely unaffected by PNX-14 treatment. Although they found that PNX-14 administration increased the blood P 4 levels in females, these changes were not significant.…”

Dataset for diseases associated with exposure to broflanilide, a novel pesticide, in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Twelve libraires were sequenced using the Illumina NovoSeq 6000 following methods outlined in [1] . A bioinformatics pipeline described in the methods below identified transcripts differentially expressed in response to broflanilide.…”

“…RNA library construction followed instructions outlined in the NEBNextⓇ Ultra™ II Directional RNA Library Prep Kit for IlluminaⓇ (New England Biolabs, catalog #E7760). Libraries were sequenced using the Illumina NovoSeq 6000 followed methods outlined in [1] . Data format Raw Analyzed Filtered Description of data collection Fold changes and p-value for all transcripts were generated using and mapped into Pathway Studio 12.0 (Elsevier).…”