Phlebotomine Vector Ecology in the Domestic Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Chaparral, Colombia

Ferro, C.; Marín, Dairo; Góngora, Rafael; Carrasquilla, María Cristina; Trujillo, Jorge Eduardo; Rueda, Norma K.; Marín, Jaime Alberto; Valderrama-Ardila, Carlos; Alexander, Neal; Perez, Melissa; Munstermann, Leonard E.; Ocampo, Clara B.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0560

Cited by 44 publications

(76 citation statements)

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“…It has been estimated that 350 million people are at risk of acquiring leishmaniasis, with approximately 0.2 to 0.4 million visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and 0.7 to 1.2 million cutaneous leismaniasis (CL) patients reporting in each year [1]. Changes of natural and man-made environments make leishmaniasis an emerging public health concern due to rapid urbanization, sharp increase in migration, deforestation and adaptation of the Leishmania parasite to additional vectors and mammalian hosts [2]. Furthermore, Leishmania has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen of HIV-infected adults as well as children [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka: spatial distribution and seasonal variations from 2009 to 2016

2018

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BackgroundLeishmaniasis is listed as one of the eight neglected tropical diseases by the World Health Organization and the number of cases in endemic areas has seen a sharp rise in the past decade. More alarmingly, reports have shown that leishmaniasis is spreading to non-endemic areas of the world due to co-infection with HIV. In Sri Lanka, leishmaniasis is considered as a notifiable disease from 2008 and has seen a rising trend of incidence since then. This is the first study describing the burden, seasonal variation and spatial distribution of leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka since the disease has been included as a notifiable disease.MethodsData on health statistics from 2009 to 2016 were obtained from published databases maintained by the Epidemiology Unit of the Ministry of Health in Sri Lanka. Climatic data for Sri Lanka were obtained from the Department of Meteorology and the populations in administrative districts were obtained from the Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka. Descriptive spatiotemporal analysis, correlation between leishmaniasis incidence and climatic variables were analyzed using SPSS statistical software.ResultsThe total number of people reported with leishmaniasis during the study period was 8487. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the prominent form in Sri Lanka while few visceral and muco-cutaneous cases were reported. Although leishmaniasis patients were identified from all 25 districts in the island, almost 90% of the total caseload was reported from Anuradhapura, Hambantota, Polonnaruwa, Kurunegala and Matara districts. The highest number of patients was reported from the Anuradhapura district and the highest incidence per 100,000 persons was reported from the Hambantota district. The disease has a seasonal trend, a peak of leishmaniasis occur in July to September in the north-central region and in October to December in the southern region. Maximum temperature, humidity and wind speed are significantly associated climatic variables with leishmaniasis in endemic regions.ConclusionsLeishmaniasis is an emerging public health problem in north-central and southern Sri Lanka. Public awareness programs for the prevention and control of the disease in endemic regions are essential to reduce the incidence of leishmaniasis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka: spatial distribution and seasonal variations from 2009 to 2016

2018

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“…The assay was tested on a large panel of strains and could differentiate them to the complex level, but L. aethiopica was not evaluated (Table 1). Both methods have been used on environmental and clinical samples (212)(213)(214).…”

Section: Sl-rnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Typing in Dermal Leishmaniasis

2015

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SUMMARY Leishmania is an infectious protozoan parasite related to African and American trypanosomes. All Leishmania species that are pathogenic to humans can cause dermal disease. When one is confronted with cutaneous leishmaniasis, identification of the causative species is relevant in both clinical and epidemiological studies, case management, and control. This review gives an overview of the currently existing and most used assays for species discrimination, with a critical appraisal of the limitations of each technique. The consensus taxonomy for the genus is outlined, including debatable species designations. Finally, a numerical literature analysis is presented that describes which methods are most used in various countries and regions in the world, and for which purposes.

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“…Shrubs include shaded coffee plantation, thickets, small trees and cacao trees. According to Holdridge Life Zones, Agua Bonita township is located in premontane very humid forest (Valderrama-Ardila et al 2010, Ferro et al 2011). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lutzomyia longiflocosa was responsible of domestic transmission based on the distribution of cases by age group, abundance of phlebotomines inside houses and their blood meal source and natural infections with Leishmania (Morales et al 2004, Ferro et al 2011). Among the phlebotomines captured in the study area were three species of the subgenus Helcocyrtomyia Barreto 1962: Lu.…”

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confidence: 99%

Description of Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) tolimensis, a new species of phlebotomine sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Colombia

Carrasquilla

Munstermann

Marín

et al. 2012

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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A description is presented of Lutzomyia tolimensis sp. nov., a new species of the subgenus Helcocyrtomyia, series sanguinaria. It was collected in dwellings, peridomestic environment and in nearby forest patches located in the foothills of the Andean Central Cordillera, where in 2004–2006 occurred the largest epidemic ever recorded of leishmaniasis in Colombia. The male of this species is differentiated from other members of the series sanguinaria based on the following combination of characters: (i) base of coxite with 0–3 subequal setae, (ii) spines of gonostyle organized in positions 2.1.2, (iii) spines inserted on distal half of gonostyle and (iv) relationship of alar indices. The female is recognized principally by the following characters: (i) palpomere V longer than III, (ii) length of labro-epipharynx and (iii) relationship of the alar indices.

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Phlebotomine Vector Ecology in the Domestic Transmission of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Chaparral, Colombia

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

Leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka: spatial distribution and seasonal variations from 2009 to 2016

Leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka: spatial distribution and seasonal variations from 2009 to 2016

Species Typing in Dermal Leishmaniasis

Description of Lutzomyia (Helcocyrtomyia) tolimensis, a new species of phlebotomine sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Colombia

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