Phenylpropanoids

IBRAHIM, RAGAI; BARRON, DENIS

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-461011-8.50009-3

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The extraction condition reported in this work ensured that the carotenes, tocopherols, chlorophyll, carotenoids, sterols, aglycones and catecols (Ibrahim and Baron, 1989;Van Sumere, 1989) were not present in the extract. Therefore, the anti-oxidant that is present in the extract is anthocyanin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-oxidant protective effects of <i> Cassia alata</i> in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride

Wegwu¹,

Ayalogu²,

Sule³

2006

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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ABSTRACT:The protective activity of Cassia alata against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) -induced hepatotoxicity in rats was assessed. Crude extracts of petals of the plant in 0.5% ethanol were administered by intubation for 14 days prior to injection of 0.5ml Kg -1 CCl 4 into the rats. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, 18 hours after CCl 4 administration, decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in rats treated with the extracts than in CCl 4 -treated rats only. These findings suggest that Cassia alata may be protective against hepatotoxin-induced liver damage in rats. @JASEM

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-oxidant protective effects of <i> Cassia alata</i> in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride

Wegwu¹,

Ayalogu²,

Sule³

2006

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…The hydroxycinnamic acids, in particular caffeic acid, are structurally very similar to catecholamines (Fig. 1) and are synthesised in plants from the common precursor, tyrosine via the shikimate pathway (Ibrahim and Barron, 1989), whereas in sympathetic neurons, tyrosine is hydroxylated to L‐DOPA, which is decarboxylated enzymatically to dopamine. The main structural differences between dopamine and caffeic acid are the absence of an amino group and the presence of an unsaturated carbon side chain and carboxylic acid moiety in the latter compound.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Peroxynitrite‐Mediated Oxidation of Dopamine by Flavonoid and Phenolic Antioxidants and Their Structural Relationships

Kerry

Rice‐Evans

1999

Journal of Neurochemistry

108

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Abstract:The interaction between peroxynitrite and dopamine and the inhibition of this reaction by plant-derived antioxidants have been investigated. Peroxynitrite promoted the oxidation of dopamine to 6-hydroxyindole-5-one as characterised by HPLC and photodiode array spectra, akin to the products of the tyrosinase -dopamine reaction, but no evidence of dopamine nitration was obtained. Although peroxynitrite did not cause nitration of dopamine in vitro, the catecholamine is capable of inhibiting the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine from peroxynitritemediated nitration of tyrosine. The plant-derived phenolic compounds, caffeic acid and catechin, inhibited peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation of dopamine. This effect is attributed to the ability of catechol-containing antioxidants to reduce peroxynitrite through electron donation, resulting in their oxidation to the corresponding o-quinones. The antioxidant effect of caffeic acid and catechin was comparable to that of the endogenous antioxidant, glutathione. In contrast, the structurally related monohydroxylated hydroxycinnamates, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid, which inhibit tyrosine nitration through a mechanism of competitive nitration, did not inhibit peroxynitrite-induced dopamine oxidation. The findings of the present study suggest that certain plant-derived phenolics can inhibit dopamine oxidation.

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“…CUR has a pleiotropic mechanism of action against inflammation ( 157 ) ( Table 1 , Figures 1 and 2 ). Firstly, it has powerful antioxidant activity that inhibits lipid peroxide formation and lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and cathepsin D ( 157 , 158 ). CUR attenuates oxidative stress during inflammation by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes ( 159 ) (T1 & Figures 1 and 2 ).…”

Section: Plant-derived Compounds Modulating the Tlr4/nf-κb Pathway Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phytochemicals and Their Effects on Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in TLR4/NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation

2021

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Innate immune response induces positive inflammatory transducers and regulators in order to attack pathogens, while simultaneously negative signaling regulators are transcribed to maintain innate immune homeostasis and to avoid persistent inflammatory immune responses. The gene expression of many of these regulators is controlled by different epigenetic modifications. The remarkable impact of epigenetic changes in inducing or suppressing inflammatory signaling is being increasingly recognized. Several studies have highlighted the interplay of histone modification, DNA methylation, and post-transcriptional miRNA-mediated modifications in inflammatory diseases, and inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis. Targeting these epigenetic alterations affords the opportunity of attenuating different inflammatory dysregulations. In this regard, many studies have identified the significant anti-inflammatory properties of distinct naturally-derived phytochemicals, and revealed their regulatory capacity. In the current review, we demonstrate the signaling cascade during the immune response and the epigenetic modifications that take place during inflammation. Moreover, we also provide an updated overview of phytochemicals that target these mechanisms in macrophages and other experimental models, and go on to illustrate the effects of these phytochemicals in regulating epigenetic mechanisms and attenuating aberrant inflammation.

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Phenylpropanoids

Cited by 22 publications

References 160 publications

Anti-oxidant protective effects of <i> Cassia alata</i> in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride

Anti-oxidant protective effects of <i> Cassia alata</i> in rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride

Inhibition of Peroxynitrite‐Mediated Oxidation of Dopamine by Flavonoid and Phenolic Antioxidants and Their Structural Relationships

The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phytochemicals and Their Effects on Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in TLR4/NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation

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