Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and phenolic compounds accumulation in nitrogen-deficient Matricaria chamomilla leaf rosettes

Physiological and Biochemical Responses ofAchillea MillefoliumGroup-Related Cultivar Proa to Different Nitrogen Regimes

“…plants accompanied by an increased activity of PAL, a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Similar results were reported about nitrogen-deficient Matricaria chamomilla l. plants (19). Rate and composition of the essential oil the effect of nitrogen application on the rate of essential oil has been investigated for different medicinal plants.…”

“…(15) showed that nitrogen starvation may increase the antioxidant activity compared to nitrogen-sufficient conditions. Studies on Matricaria chamomilla l. plants also reported a decrease in antioxidant activity with increasing the soil nitrogen content (19). Accordingly, the highest antioxidant activity in the present study was observed in nitrogen-deficient conditions.…”

“…one of the most important environmental factors, nutrient deficiencies, may affect the plant growth, increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhance the antioxidant activity displayed by phenolic derivatives (18). thus, in nitrogen starvation conditions accumulation of phenolic compounds such as flavonols (32), anthocyanins (10) and phenolic acids (19) was established. Accordingly, a decrease in the amounts of total nitrogen, amino acids, chlorophyll and carotenoids is reported for the nitrogen deficient-plants of Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb., whereas the amount of phenolics and antioxidant capacity are higher in leaves and roots (14,15).…”

Physiological responses of Matricaria chamomilla to cadmium and copper excess

“…Twenty-one-day old plants of Matricaria chamomilla L. (tetraploid 'Lutea', Asteraceae) germinated in sand were transplanted to slightly modified Hoagland solution (pH 6.7 6 0.2) routinely used in our laboratory (Kováčik et al, 2006(Kováčik et al, , 2007. Five uniform plants per litre were cultivated in brown plastic 5-L boxes (25 plants per box) with continual aeration of the solutions.…”

“…PAL was extracted and its activity was determined using the HPLC method described by Dos Santos et al (2004), with two modifications as previously described (Kováčik et al, 2007). Briefly, samples were ground in 0.1 M sodium borate buffer and centrifuged at 48C.…”