Phenotyping Apple Progeny for Ecophysiological Traits: How and What For?

Regnard, J. L.; Ducrey, Michel; Porteix, E.; Segura, Vincent; Costes, Evelyne

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2008.772.18

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The identification of genotypes with high WUE has only been investigated for a limited number of commercial varieties [ 12 – 14 ]. Only one study has evaluated the genetic variability of WUE in a segregating population of 125 apple genotypes [ 15 ]. However, this study focused on intrinsic WUE that was determined from the ratio leaf carbohydrate assimilation to leaf conductance using instantaneous gas exchange measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study we aimed at evaluate the amplitude of the genetic variation of WUE and its components (biomass and transpiration) as well as their heritabilities in an apple core collection using HTPT. While information is available on the heritability of physiological traits related with water use such as xylem hydraulic efficiency, stomatal conductance, and leaf carbohydrate assimilation in bi-parental population [ 15 , 19 ], no study has been designed to determine the heritability for whole-plant biomass, transpiration and WUE. Heritability values for whole-plant WUE are very scant in the literature and only some values have been reported for 148 recombinant inbred lines in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L .)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits and Transpiration in an Apple Core Collection under Well-Watered Conditions: Towards the Identification of Morphotypes with High Water Use Efficiency

et al. 2015

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Water use efficiency (WUE) is a quantitative measurement which improvement is a major issue in the context of global warming and restrictions in water availability for agriculture. In this study, we aimed at studying the variation and genetic control of WUE and the respective role of its components (plant biomass and transpiration) in a perennial fruit crop. We explored an INRA apple core collection grown in a phenotyping platform to screen one-year-old scions for their accumulated biomass, transpiration and WUE under optimal growing conditions. Plant biomass was decompose into morphological components related to either growth or organ expansion. For each trait, nine mixed models were evaluated to account for the genetic effect and spatial heterogeneity inside the platform. The Best Linear Unbiased Predictors of genetic values were estimated after model selection. Mean broad-sense heritabilities were calculated from variance estimates. Heritability values indicated that biomass (0.76) and WUE (0.73) were under genetic control. This genetic control was lower in plant transpiration with an heritability of 0.54. Across the collection, biomass accounted for 70% of the WUE variability. A Hierarchical Ascendant Classification of the core collection indicated the existence of six groups of genotypes with contrasting morphology and WUE. Differences between morphotypes were interpreted as resulting from differences in the main processes responsible for plant growth: cell division leading to the generation of new organs and cell elongation leading to organ dimension. Although further studies will be necessary on mature trees with more complex architecture and multiple sinks such as fruits, this study is a first step for improving apple plant material for the use of water.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits and Transpiration in an Apple Core Collection under Well-Watered Conditions: Towards the Identification of Morphotypes with High Water Use Efficiency

et al. 2015

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“…one month) was considered negligible. Based on previous results of one of our research teams (Regnard et al 2008), the water deficit intensity, provoking a significant reduction of leaf area and stem growth across all genotypes, was set at FTSW=0.2. Pot mass was controlled every 2 days, and water added when necessary, so as to maintain the desired FTSW on the WS plants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil water deficit decreases xylem conductance efficiency relative to leaf area and mass in the apple

Lauri

Marceron

Normand³

et al. 2014

JPH

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It is generally postulated that at the tree scale a drought-related decrease in hydraulic conductance is balanced by a decrease of leaf area. We hypothesized that, at the individual leaf scale, drought affects the allometry between leaf area or mass and hydraulics, leading to a non-linear relationships between these traits. The study was conducted on well-watered and on water-stressed shoots of several apple genotypes covering an extended range of leaf area. Working on dried leaves, we measured leaf lamina area and mass and analyzed their relationships with the maximal xylem hydraulic conductance of the water pathway through the parent shoot and the petiole connected to the leaf lamina. Drought decreased leaf area and mass in absolute values. It also changes the allometric relationships between these two variables: for a same decrease of leaf dry mass the water-stressed shoot had a lower decrease of leaf dry area than the well-watered shoot. Our study also showed that drought affected the stem-topetiole hydraulics with a higher hydraulic efficiency in the well-watered shoot compared to the waterstressed shoot. We discuss that, compared to the well-watered condition, drought not only decreased leaf size, but also reduced xylem efficiency through the stem-to-petiole pathway with regard to the leaf area and mass supplied.

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“…To incorporate WUE in apple-breeding programs, it is first necessary to perform phenotyping studies to understand the genetic control and variation of WUE. While much information is available on the heritability and genetic variation of morphological (Segura et al, 2006) and physiological (Regnard et al, 2008;Lauri et al, 2011) traits that could be related with plant water use, no study has determined the heritability for whole-plant WUE and the traits used in its calculation (whole-plant biomass and transpiration). This lack of information in large collection of apple trees may be related to the difficulty of measuring whole-plant biomass and transpiration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heritability and genetic variation of plant biomass, transpiration, and water use efficiency for an apple core-collection

López¹,

Pallas²,

Martinez³

et al. 2017

Acta Hortic.

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To study the heritability and genetic variation of plant biomass, transpiration and water use efficiency (WUE) in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), 193 genotypes from an INRA apple core-collection were evaluated in 2014. Four grafted replicates per genotype grown as one-year-old scions were studied in a high-throughput phenotyping platform (PhenoArch). Individual pot weight was recorded twice a day and irrigation was scheduled to maintain constant soil water content (SWC) and avoid any water stress during 46 days. Plant 3D pictures were automatically taken every two days. Analysis of pictures and pot weights differences allowed the estimation of whole-plant biomass and transpiration during the experiment. WUE was calculated as the ratio of accumulated biomass to transpiration. For each trait, we tested nine mixed models to account for the genetic effect and spatial variability inside PhenoArch. The Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) of genetic values were estimated after model selection. For each trait, broad-sense heritability (H 2) was calculated from variance estimates. Plant biomass, transpiration and WUE had H 2 values of 0.76, 0.54, and 0.73, respectively. The H 2 value of WUE is high enough to consider that this trait is under genetic control in apple. The genetic variation of WUE indicated that apple genetic resources such as the INRA core-collection could be extremely useful to improve apple plant material for the use of water.

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Phenotyping Apple Progeny for Ecophysiological Traits: How and What For?

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits and Transpiration in an Apple Core Collection under Well-Watered Conditions: Towards the Identification of Morphotypes with High Water Use Efficiency

Genetic Variation of Morphological Traits and Transpiration in an Apple Core Collection under Well-Watered Conditions: Towards the Identification of Morphotypes with High Water Use Efficiency

Soil water deficit decreases xylem conductance efficiency relative to leaf area and mass in the apple

Heritability and genetic variation of plant biomass, transpiration, and water use efficiency for an apple core-collection

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