Phenotypic variability in Italian rice germplasm

Mongiano, Gabriele; Titone, P.; Pagnoncelli, Simone; Sacco, Davide; Tamborini, L.; Pilu, Roberto; Bregaglio, Simone

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2020.126131

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…The relationship among the traits was further investigated using principal component analysis, to determine the strength and direction of correlation between the original traits and their corresponding principal components (PCs) (Mongiano et al, 2020). The proportion of variance, cumulative proportion and eigenvalues were given in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The knowledge of the accessible genetic variability and complex relationships between the traits of interest are essential for all the crop improvement techniques. Morphological characterization of existing traditional germplasm is essential for the creation of new improved rice varieties that can aid rice systems in achieving greater economic and environmental sustainability (Mongiano et al, 2020). (Oyelola et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on genetic diversity in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Tamil Nadu

2021

EJPB

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A total of 50 traditional rice landraces of Tamil Nadu were characterised for 12 biometric traits and the data were subjected to principal component analysis and cluster analysis to determine the contribution in variation, diversity level and the strength of association prevailing between grain yield and its related traits. Out of 12 Principal components, four exhibited more than 1.0 eigenvalues and contributed to 73.58 per cent of the total variability. PC1 alone accounts for about 39.15 per cent, while PC2, PC3, PC4 contributed 14.39, 11.00 and 9.04 per cent for total variability, respectively. Through agglomerative clustering, the landraces were grouped into five clusters. The landraces present in cluster I (G1, G18, G23, G26, G31, G32, G36, G39, G43, G44, G45) and cluster V (G30 and G45) were found to be with contrasting characters making them ideal parents for further utilization in rice breeding programmes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on genetic diversity in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Tamil Nadu

2021

EJPB

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“…Variations in these characteristics are critical for varietal identification and selection, and breeders need suitable knowledge of tomato genetic diversity to identify and improve tomato genotypes with desirable characteristics in terms of agricultural traits, disease resistance, harvest yield and quality (Fernandes et al 2018, Rosenqvist et al 2019. Moreover, the development of phenotypic-genetic markers that are closely linked to EB disease resistance facilitates the introgression of phenotypic traits into marker-assisted selection in resistance breeding and identification of resistant tomato genotypes (Mongiano et al 2020, Nafisa et al 2020. Therefore, the morphological and genetic characterization of tomatoes is needed to identify and conserve EB-resistance sources (Mata-Nicolás et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic markers analysis associated with resistance to <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (fr.) keissler—tomato pathotype, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.

et al. 2022

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Alternaria alternata, the causal pathogen of early blight (EB) disease, is one of the most important diseases in tomato, and other solanaceae family. We analyzed 35 tomato genotypes for quantitative/qualitative traits and biomass growth parameters, as well as the extent and structure of genetic variation associated with EB resistance. Phenotypic comparisons displayed significant differences in leaf blade width (24.95%), stem thickness (30.28%), foliage density (18.88%), and plant size (18.89%), with significant positive correlations with EB resistance (0.18-0.75). Correlation analysis showed that mature fruit size, thickness of fruit pericarp, and leaf type were significantly and negatively correlated with EB resistance (up to -0.41). The susceptible tomato seedlings represented significant reductions in biomass parameters. According to ISSR analysis, the highest resolving power (≥0.79) and heterozygosity (≥0.24) values revealed the presence of high genetic variability among the tomato genotypes. Bayesian model-based STRUCTURE analysis assembled the genotypes into 4 (best ΔK = 4) genetic groups. Combined phenotypic and molecular markers proved to be significantly useful for genetic diversity assessment associated with EB disease resistance.

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“…It has been indicated that global rice production should necessarily increase by approximately 20% by 2030 and 30% by 2050 at the rate of 0.6–1% increase annually to meet the demands of the growing population projected to result from rapid population growth, and economic and industrial developments ( Peng et al, 2009 ; Shew et al, 2019 ). Investigating various strategies to increase grain yield in rice has been a key research focus of agronomists for many years ( Shew et al, 2019 ; Mongiano et al, 2020 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ; Xu et al, 2021 ). During recent decades, most of the rice-growing regions experienced an obvious warming trend across the globe, and this trend is projected to change the duration of rice growth and undermine the grain yield ( Liu et al, 2013 ; Raza et al, 2019 ; Fatima et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

Farooq

Wang

Uzair³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as a staple food for more than half of the global population, and sustaining productivity under a scarcity of resources is challenging to meet the future food demands of the inflating global population. The aerobic rice system can be considered as a transformational replacement for traditional rice, but the widespread adaptation of this innovative approach has been challenged due to higher losses of nitrogen (N) and reduced N-use efficiency (NUE). For normal growth and developmental processes in crop plants, N is required in higher amounts. N is a mineral nutrient and an important constituent of amino acids, nucleic acids, and many photosynthetic metabolites, and hence is essential for normal plant growth and metabolism. Excessive application of N fertilizers improves aerobic rice growth and yield, but compromises economic and environmental sustainability. Irregular and uncontrolled use of N fertilizers have elevated several environmental issues linked to higher N losses in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), and nitrate (NO3–), thereby threatening environmental sustainability due to higher warming potential, ozone depletion capacities, and abilities to eutrophicate the water resources. Hence, enhancing NUE in aerobic rice has become an urgent need for the development of a sustainable production system. This article was designed to investigate the major challenge of low NUE and evaluate recent advances in pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system, and thereby suggest the agronomic management approaches to improve NUE. The major objective of this review is about optimizing the application of N inputs while sustaining rice productivity and ensuring environmental safety. This review elaborates that different soil conditions significantly shift the N dynamics via changes in major pathways of the N cycle and comprehensively reviews the facts why N losses are high under the aerobic rice system, which factors hinder in attaining high NUE, and how it can become an eco-efficient production system through agronomic managements. Moreover, it explores the interactive mechanisms of how proper management of N cycle pathways can be accomplished via optimized N fertilizer amendments. Meanwhile, this study suggests several agricultural and agronomic approaches, such as site-specific N management, integrated nutrient management (INM), and incorporation of N fertilizers with enhanced use efficiency that may interactively improve the NUE and thereby plant N uptake in the aerobic rice system. Additionally, resource conservation practices, such as plant residue management, green manuring, improved genetic breeding, and precision farming, are essential to enhance NUE. Deep insights into the recent advances in the pathways of the N cycle under the aerobic rice system necessarily suggest the incorporation of the suggested agronomic adjustments to reduce N losses and enhance NUE while sustaining rice productivity and environmental safety. Future research on N dynamics is encouraged under the aerobic rice system focusing on the interactive evaluation of shifts among activities and diversity in microbial communities, NUE, and plant demands while applying N management measures, which is necessary for its widespread adaptation in face of the projected climate change and scarcity of resources.

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Phenotypic variability in Italian rice germplasm

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Studies on genetic diversity in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Tamil Nadu

Studies on genetic diversity in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Tamil Nadu

Genomic markers analysis associated with resistance to <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (fr.) keissler—tomato pathotype, <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.

Recent trends in nitrogen cycle and eco-efficient nitrogen management strategies in aerobic rice system

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