Phenotypic plasticity's impacts on diversification and speciation

Pfennig, David W.; Wund, Matthew A.; Snell‐Rood, Emilie C.; Cruickshank, Tami; Schlichting, Carl D.; Moczek, Armin P.

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2010.05.006

Cited by 972 publications

(1,035 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…A more succinct hypothesis is that developmental bias and natural selection work together 4,5 . Rather than selection being free to traverse across any physical possibility, it is guided along specific routes opened up by the processes of development 5,6 . Another kind of developmental bias occurs when individuals respond to their environment by changing their form -a phenomenon called plasticity.…”

Section: Core Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key finding here is that plasticity not only allows organisms to cope in new environmental conditions but to generate traits that are well-suited to them. If selection preserves genetic variants that respond effectively when conditions change, then adaptation largely occurs by accumulation of genetic variations that stabilize a trait after its first appearance 5,6 . In other words, often it is the trait that comes first; genes that cement it follow, sometimes several generations later 5 .…”

Section: Core Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does evolutionary theory need a rethink?

Laland

Uller

Feldman

et al. 2014

Nature

829

609

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Section: Core Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Core Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does evolutionary theory need a rethink?

Laland

Uller

Feldman

et al. 2014

Nature

829

609

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, there is growing evidence that under certain conditions, genotypic variability and phenotypic plasticity are complementary mechanisms that jointly facilitate adaptation, speciation and even adaptive radiation (for reviews see: Price, Qvarnstrom, & Irwin, 2003; West‐Eberhard, 2003; Pfennig et al., 2010; Schneider & Meyer, 2017). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive phenotypic plasticity contributes to divergence between lake and river populations of an East African cichlid fish

Rajkov

Weber

Salzburger

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Adaptive phenotypic plasticity and fixed genotypic differences have long been considered opposing strategies in adaptation. More recently, these mechanisms have been proposed to act complementarily and under certain conditions jointly facilitate evolution, speciation, and even adaptive radiations. Here, we investigate the relative contributions of adaptive phenotypic plasticity vs. local adaptation to fitness, using an emerging model system to study early phases of adaptive divergence, the generalist cichlid fish species Astatotilapia burtoni. We tested direct fitness consequences of morphological divergence between lake and river populations in nature by performing two transplant experiments in Lake Tanganyika. In the first experiment, we used wild‐caught juvenile lake and river individuals, while in the second experiment, we used F1 crosses between lake and river fish bred in a common garden setup. By tracking the survival and growth of translocated individuals in enclosures in the lake over several weeks, we revealed local adaptation evidenced by faster growth of the wild‐caught resident population in the first experiment. On the other hand, we did not find difference in growth between different types of F1 crosses in the second experiment, suggesting a substantial contribution of adaptive phenotypic plasticity to increased immigrant fitness. Our findings highlight the value of formally comparing fitness of wild‐caught and common garden‐reared individuals and emphasize the necessity of considering adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the study of adaptive divergence.

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“…A major goal of evolutionary ecology is to understand how and why organisms diversify (Adams & Nistri, 2010; Pfennig et al., 2010). Diversification and speciation often follow colonization of new environments (Orr & Smith, 1998; Price, Qvarnström, & Irwin, 2003) and an intermediate step toward speciation is often the evolution of morphs that utilize different resources, such as habitat and food (Pfennig et al., 2010; Smith & Skúlason, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric trajectories of body and head morphology in three sympatric Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) morphs

Simonsen

Siwertsson

Adams

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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A study of body and head development in three sympatric reproductively isolated Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) morphs from a subarctic lake (Skogsfjordvatn, northern Norway) revealed allometric trajectories that resulted in morphological differences. The three morphs were ecologically assigned to a littoral omnivore, a profundal benthivore and a profundal piscivore, and this was confirmed by genetic analyses (microsatellites). Principal component analysis was used to identify the variables responsible for most of the morphological variation of the body and head shape. The littoral omnivore and the profundal piscivore morph had convergent allometric trajectories for the most important head shape variables, developing bigger mouths and relatively smaller eyes with increasing head size. The two profundal morphs shared common trajectories for the variables explaining most of the body and head shape variation, namely head size relative to body size, placement of the dorsal and pelvic fins, eye size and mouth size. In contrast, the littoral omnivore and the profundal benthivore morphs were not on common allometric trajectories for any of the examined variables. The findings suggest that different selective pressures could have been working on traits related to their trophic niche such as habitat and diet utilization of the three morphs, with the two profundal morphs experiencing almost identical environmental conditions.

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Phenotypic plasticity's impacts on diversification and speciation

Cited by 972 publications

References 81 publications

Does evolutionary theory need a rethink?

Does evolutionary theory need a rethink?

Adaptive phenotypic plasticity contributes to divergence between lake and river populations of an East African cichlid fish

Allometric trajectories of body and head morphology in three sympatric Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) morphs

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