Phenotypic mixing of vesicular stomatitis virus and D‐type oncornavirus

Abstract

After mixed infection of cells with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, thermolabile mutant tl 17) and oncornavirus type D, phenotypically mixed virions are formed containing the VSV genome and oncornavirus and VSV envelope. The virions are thermostable and have serologic characteristics of both viruses.

Do lipid rafts mediate virus assembly and pseudotyping?

“…Pseudotyping of VSV has been observed with togaviruses, retroviruses, bunyaviruses, arenaviruses, paramyxoviruses, orthomyxoviruses, coronaviruses, herpesviruses and poxviruses (Altstein et al, 1976;Calafat et al, 1983;Dragunova & Závada, 1979;Lukashevich & Závada, 1982;Pastorekova et al, 1992;Schnitzer et al, 1977;Zajac et al, 1980;Závada, 1972b;Závada et al, 1972Závada et al, , 1978Závada et al, , 1983Zavadova & Závada, 1980). CD4 is incorporated efficiently (Schnell et al, 1996).…”

The Pseudotypic Paradox

“…The doubly neutralizable virions may represent about 50 ~o of VSV virions present in the progeny of mixed infection (Choppin & Compans, 1970;Zfivada, 1972a;Zfivada & Rosenbergov~, 1972). However, by careful choice of antiserum dilutions, the doubly neutralizable virions can be found even if they are relatively rare (Altstein et al, 1976;Kang & Lambright, 1977;Lukashevich & Z~ivada, 1982). The last category comprises VSV particles that bind antibody molecules directed against the other envelope gp but are not neutralized by them.…”

A Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (Cytomegalovirus) Pseudotype and Its Use in Neutralization Tests

“…In spite of considerable efforts, we were unable to eluci date fully the reasons for this relatively low degree of reproducibility. Similar difficulties have been encountered by other investigators studying the formation of pseudotypes be tween VSV and retroviruses [15]. Another diffi culty lies in the presence of an additional pseudotype, denoted VSV (X), in some virus stocks derived from cultures infected with CMV and VSV (results not shown).…”