Phenotypic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population in Selected Rural Areas

Chokoe, Tlou Caswell; Matelele, Tlou Cornelia; Maqhashu, Ayanda; Ramukhithi, Fhulufhelo Vincent; Mphahlele, Tumudi; Mpofu, Takalani Judas; Nephawe, Khathutshelo Agree; Mtileni, Bohani

doi:10.3844/ajavsp.2020.59.66

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…However, both genetic and phenotypic characteristics are modified by environmental conditions [ 33 ]. In genetic diversity studies, the probability of two alleles chosen randomly from a population is a common factor that is used to quantify variation [ 34 ]. Genetic diversity can also be measured by estimating the degree of allele fixation, as measured by the fixation index ( Fst ), which shows the genetic distinction between populations [ 35 ].…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Studies In Southern African Indigenous Goatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Conservation in South African Indigenous Goat Ecotypes: A Review

Magoro

Mtileni

Hadebe

et al. 2022

Animals

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Goats were amongst the first livestock to be domesticated more than 10,000 years ago for their meat, milk, skin, and fiber. They were introduced to Southern Africa by migrating nations from Central Africa to the south. Due to local adaptation to the different agro-ecological zones and selection, indigenous goats are identified as ecotypes within the indigenous veld goat breed. Their ability to thrive in a resource-limited production system and in challenging environmental conditions makes them valuable animal resources for small-scale and emerging farmers. They play important roles in household agriculture and cultural activities as well as in poverty alleviation. Studies have described the phenotypic and genetic variations in indigenous goats, targeting the major goat-producing regions and the breeds of South Africa. In turn, information is restricted to certain breeds and regions, and the experimental design is often not adequate to inform the conservation status and priorities in changing environments. Advances in genomics technologies have availed more opportunities for the assessment of the biodiversity, demographic histories, and detection regions associated with local adaptation. These technologies are essential for breeding and conservation strategies for sustainable production for food security. This review focuses on the status of indigenous goats in South Africa and the application of genomics technologies for characterization, with emphasis on prioritization for conservation and sustainable utilization.

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Section: Genetic Diversity Studies In Southern African Indigenous Goatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Conservation in South African Indigenous Goat Ecotypes: A Review

Magoro

Mtileni

Hadebe

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Commercial farmers keep Red Kalahari, Savannah, and Boer goats for meat production, Saanen and Toggenburg goats for milk production, and Angora goats for mohair production (Gwaze et al 2009 ). Mostly, communal farmers keep goats to fulfill multiple roles that include manure, traditional ceremonies, skin, milk, meat, and bush encroachment control (Saico and Abul 2007 ; Gwaze et al 2010 ; Chokoe et al 2020a , b ). Over six million goats are raised by communal farmers in South Africa (Chokoe et al 2020a , b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mostly, communal farmers keep goats to fulfill multiple roles that include manure, traditional ceremonies, skin, milk, meat, and bush encroachment control (Saico and Abul 2007 ; Gwaze et al 2010 ; Chokoe et al 2020a , b ). Over six million goats are raised by communal farmers in South Africa (Chokoe et al 2020a , b ). However, communal goat keepers have low production resulting from limited knowledge in livestock genetic improvements (Yakubu et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding practices and trait preferences of goat keepers at Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality, South Africa: implication for the design of breeding programmes

Tyasi

Ng’ambi

Mogashoa

2022

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Identification of breeding practices and trait preferences by livestock keepers for the selection of breeding animals to be parents of the next generations is the crucial step to the successful implementation of community-based breeding program (CBBPs). The study aimed to detect breeding practices and trait preferences by farmers at Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality, South Africa to determine their relevance in establishing a CBBP. A well-structured questionnaire was designed and administered to 183 randomly selected goat keepers from four villages. Chi-square statistics were used to compare categorical variables among villages. Socio-economic factors and reasons for keeping goats were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the four villages. Methods of controlling mating, reasons for not controlling mating, keeping breeding bucks, source of breeding bucks, reasons for culling, and culling methods were significantly different (P < 0.05) among villages. The most common trait preferences of goat keepers among the surveyed villages were twinning ability, mothering ability, and body size in breeding does, while in breeding bucks were mating ability, growth rate, and body size. The results from this study are useful for designing CBBPs for goat production in the communal areas of Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality.

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“…The four provinces combined in this study contribute more than 51% of the communal indigenous goat populations of the country [1]. Morphological differences have important socio-cultural and economic values to the rural communities and as a result, most farmers have specific considerations and choices for goat coat colors [3][4][5]. Diversity in indigenous goats is important for maintaining biodiversity and is the basis of conservation and genetic improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population from Four Provinces Using Genome-Wide SNP Data

et al. 2020

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Genome-wide assessments of the genetic landscape of Farm Animal Genetic Resources (FAnGR) are key to developing sustainable breed improvements. Understanding the FAnGR adaptation to different environments and supporting their conservation programs from community initiative to national policymakers is very important. The objective of the study was to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of communal indigenous goat populations from four provinces of South Africa. Communal indigenous goat populations from the Free State (FS) (n = 24), Gauteng (GP) (n = 28), Limpopo (LP) (n = 30), and North West (NW) (n = 35) provinces were genotyped using the Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip. An Illumina Goats SNP50 BeadChip data from commercial meat-type breeds: Boer (n = 33), Kalahari Red (n = 40), and Savanna (n = 31) was used in this study as reference populations. The Ho revealed that the genetic diversity of a population ranged between 0.39 ± 0.11 Ho in LP to 0.42 ± 0.09 Ho in NW. Analysis of molecular variance revealed variations of 3.39% (p < 0.0001) and 90.64% among and within populations, respectively. The first two Principal Component Analyses (PCAs) revealed a unique Limpopo population separated from GP, FS, and NW communal indigenous goat populations with high levels of admixture with commercial goat populations. There were unique populations of Kalahari and Savanna that were observed and admixed individuals. Marker FST (Limpopo versus commercial goat populations) revealed 442 outlier single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across all chromosomes, and the SNP with the highest FST value (FST = 0.72; chromosome 8) was located on the UHRF2 gene. Population differentiation tests (PCAdapt) revealed PC2 as optimal and five outlier SNPs were detected on chromosomes 10, 15, 20, and 21. The study revealed that the SNPs identified by the first two principal components show high FST values in LP communal goat populations and allowed us to identify candidate genes which can be used in the development of breed selection programs to improve this unique LP population and other communal goat population of FS, GP, and NW, and find genetic factors contributing to the adaptation to harsh environments. Effective management and utilization of South African communal indigenous goat populations is important, and effort should be made to maintain unique genetic resources for conservation.

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Phenotypic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population in Selected Rural Areas

Abstract: Agree Nephawe and Bohani Mtileni. This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 3.0 license.

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Conservation in South African Indigenous Goat Ecotypes: A Review

Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Conservation in South African Indigenous Goat Ecotypes: A Review

Breeding practices and trait preferences of goat keepers at Lepelle-Nkumpi Local Municipality, South Africa: implication for the design of breeding programmes

Genetic Diversity of South African Indigenous Goat Population from Four Provinces Using Genome-Wide SNP Data

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