Phenotypic Diversity of Anthocyanins in Sorghum Accessions with Various Pericarp Pigments

Su, Xiaoyu; Rhodes, Davina H.; Xu, Jingwen; Chen, Xi; Davis, Haley; Wang, Donghai; Herald, Thomas J.; ang, Weiqun W

doi:10.4172/2155-9600.1000610

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Hydroxyl and methoxyl compounds present in the structure of anthocyanins dictate the degree and the colour of the anthocyanins; such that the prevalence of the methoxyl compounds over the hydroxyl groups imparts a reddish hue [85] as it found in the sorghum leaf sheath. Amongst the various diversities of anthocyanins discovered in nature, the four commonest types appearing in sorghum are the luteolinidin, apigeninidin, 5-Methoxyluteolinidin, 7-Methoxyapigeninidin [86].…”

Section: Red Dyeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into artisanal leather making in Ghana

et al. 2020

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The production of leather from animal skins and hides through tanning processes began in the pre-historic ages. Despite the origination of new leather making techniques such as chrome tanning which is being employed extensively today, the traditional method of leather production primarily through vegetable tanning is still being practised mostly in artisanal tanneries in developing nations including Ghana. Artisanal leather making, thus, contributes beneficially to rural livelihood. Nevertheless, the growth of this sector has been stifled by the lack of innovative technologies to enhance productivity. This challenge could be partly linked to the knowledge gap on the scientific principles governing artisanal leather production processes. This study, therefore, elaborates on various process steps and materials employed in traditional leather making in Ghana and the scientific principles underlying each of the processes. It also makes a comparison between traditional and modern leather manufacturing processes and identifies knowledge and technological gaps which would inspire in-depth scientific research into artisanal leather making. Graphical abstract

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Section: Red Dyeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight into artisanal leather making in Ghana

et al. 2020

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“…However, other studies have suggested that the sorghum consumed in Africa and Asia are critical sources of dietary carotenoids that might provide the needed provitamin A (6). These inconsistencies might be due to the different varieties of sorghum consumed (3). Various sorghum varieties differ in the color of the pericarp and/or endosperm at a wide range from red to white.…”

Section: Sorghum Contains the Highest Phytochemical Contents Among Cementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pericarp is the outer layers of the seed coat of the sorghum kernel. The phenotypic pigments of sorghum pericarp and endosperm are determined by genotypic factor (3)(4). Genetic factors control pericarp color, pericarp thickness, and secondary plant color (8)(9).…”

Section: Chapter 2 -Pericarp Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It also contains high fiber content with a lower glycemic index compared to other grains, which could help reduce obesity and Type-2 diabetes. On the other hand, compared to wheat, corn, and rice, sorghum has a lower sensory quality and reduced protein digestion (3). One of the big possibilities for sorghum is cereal products, as potential expanded and extruded sorghum products.…”

Section: Chapter 1 -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic Diversity of Colored Phytochemicals in Sorghum Accessions With Various Pericarp Pigments

Davis

Shen

et al. 2019

Polyphenols in Plants

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Sorghum is a versatile grain that is generally consumed in Asian and African countries but is gaining interest in the United States due to its gluten-free and bioactive compoundenriched health benefits. There are many varieties of sorghum that come in a wide range of colors. These genetic factor-depended phenotypic colors are contributed by various phytochemical pigments that reside within different components of the sorghum kernel, especially in the pericarp and endosperm. Various pericarp pigments are reflective of the certain phytochemical levels which may include anthocyanins, carotenoids, and condensed tannins. This article reviews recent studies on the association of pericarp pigments in various sorghum accessions with anthocyanins and carotenoids, respectively. It covers aspects of the potential health benefits of these colored dietary constituents. However, further investigations are warranted to clarify the diversity of these bioactive constituent interactions with genetic and environmental factors. How these phytochemicals correlate to the sorghum pericarp pigments could be important in future use of sorghum as a functional food with potential health benefits.

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“…It is well-known that sorghum is a gluten-free food and suitable for people with celiac disease. Some specialty sorghums have recently gained particular interest because of their high level of phenolics and potential health benefits, especially in cancer prevention [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Previous investigation has shown that an average of 35% of overall human cancer mortality is related to diet [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorghum Phenolic Compounds Are Associated with Cell Growth Inhibition through Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Hepatocarcinoma and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

Chen

Jia-heng

et al. 2021

Foods

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Phenolic compounds in some specialty sorghums have been associated with cancer prevention. However, direct evidence and the underlying mechanisms for this are mostly unknown. In this study, phenolics were extracted from 13 selected sorghum accessions with black pericarp while F10000 hybrid with white pericarp was used as a control, and cell growth inhibition was studied in hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cells. Total phenolic contents of the 13 high phenolic grains, as determined by Folin–Ciocalteu, were 30–64 mg GAE/g DW in the phenolic extracts of various accessions compared with the control F10000 at 2 mg GAE/g DW. Treatment of HepG2 with the extracted phenolics at 0–200 μM GAE up to 72 h resulted in a dose- and time-dependent reduction in cell numbers. The values of IC50 varied from 85 to 221 mg DW/mL while the control of F10000 was 1275 mg DW/mL. The underlying mechanisms were further examined using the highest phenolic content of PI329694 and the lowest IC50 of PI570481, resulting in a non-cytotoxic decrease in cell number that was significantly correlated with increased cell cycle arrest at G2/M and apoptotic cells in both HepG2 and Caco-2 cells. Taken together, these results indicated, for the first time, that inhibition of either HepG2 or Caco-2 cell growth by phenolic extracts from 13 selected sorghum accessions was due to cytostatic and apoptotic but not cytotoxic mechanisms, suggesting some specialty sorghums are a valuable, functional food, providing sustainable phenolics for potential cancer prevention.

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Phenotypic Diversity of Anthocyanins in Sorghum Accessions with Various Pericarp Pigments

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

An insight into artisanal leather making in Ghana

An insight into artisanal leather making in Ghana

Phenotypic Diversity of Colored Phytochemicals in Sorghum Accessions With Various Pericarp Pigments

Sorghum Phenolic Compounds Are Associated with Cell Growth Inhibition through Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Hepatocarcinoma and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells

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