Phenotypic diversity of 188 rice embryo mutants

Hong, Soon‐Kwan; Aoki, Toshiyuki; Kitano, Hidemi; Satoh, Hiroyuki; Nagato, Yasuo

doi:10.1002/dvg.1020160403

Cited by 83 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The apical meristems successively produce various tissues and organs throughout the plant life cycle while maintaining themselves as stem-like cells. In Poaceae species, which have highly developed embryos, mature embryos contain almost all organs seen in the vegetative phase such as shoot apex, leaves, vascular systems, and root (1,2). To elucidate the genetic control of the pattern formation and/or the organ differentiation during plant embryogenesis, many embryonic mutants have been isolated in Arabidopsis (3)(4)(5), maize (6,7), and rice (2,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Poaceae species, which have highly developed embryos, mature embryos contain almost all organs seen in the vegetative phase such as shoot apex, leaves, vascular systems, and root (1,2). To elucidate the genetic control of the pattern formation and/or the organ differentiation during plant embryogenesis, many embryonic mutants have been isolated in Arabidopsis (3)(4)(5), maize (6,7), and rice (2,8). The study of available embryo mutants of rice indicate the existence of several major developmental processes taking place during early embryogenesis before morphogenetic events start (9).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A rice homeobox gene, OSH1, is expressed before organ differentiation in a specific region during early embryogenesis.

Satō

Hong

Tagiri

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

101

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Homeobox genes encode a large family of homeodomain proteins that play a key role in the pattern formation of animal embryos. By analogy, homeobox genes in plants are thought to mediate important processes in their embryogenesis, but there is very little evidence to support this notion. Here we described the temporal and spatial expression patterns of a rice homeobox gene, OSHI, during rice embryogenesis. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that in the wild-type embryo, OSHI was first expressed at the globular stage, much earlier than organogenesis started, in a ventral region where shoot apical meristem and epiblast would later develop. This localized expression of OSHI indicates that the cellular differentiation has already occurred at this stage. At later stages after organogenesis had initiated, OSHI expression was observed in shoot apical meristem [except in the Li (tunica) layer], epiblast, radicle, and their intervening tissues in descending strength of expression level with embryonic maturation. We also performed in situ hybridization analysis with a rice organless embryo mutant, orll, that develops no embryonic organs. In the orl) embryo, the expression pattern of OSHI was the same as that in the wild-type embryo in spite of the lack of embryonic organs. This shows that OSHI is not directly associated with organ differentiation, but may be related to a regulatory process before or independent of the organ determination. The results described here strongly suggest that, like animal homeobox genes, OSHI plays an important role in regionalization of cell identity during early embryogenesis.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A rice homeobox gene, OSH1, is expressed before organ differentiation in a specific region during early embryogenesis.

Satō

Hong

Tagiri

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

101

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“…Various mutagenesis and screening approaches such as EMS, T-DNA insertion, genetic reverse, and genetic sense have been used to study the genes involved and required for embryo formation and development in A. thaliana, Z. mays, G. max, and O. sativa (Sheridan and Clark 1993;Hong et al 1995). In this optic, we have used plants deficient in seed development from the EMS-mutagenized seeds of common bean (Silué et al 2008).…”

Section: Expression Profile Of Mips In Wild-type and Ems Mutant Commomentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Expression and Cellular Localization of Myo-inositol Phosphate Synthase (MIPS) in the Wild Type and in an EMS Mutant During Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seed Development

et al. 2011

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In plants, the myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (EC 5.5.1.4; MIPS) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme protein and catalyzes the synthesis of myo-inositol, which is a central molecule required for cell metabolism and plant growth. A full-length cDNA encoding common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) MIPS (designated Pv_BAT93 MIPS) was isolated from seed of P. vulgaris (cv, BAT93) by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The cDNA of Pv_BAT93 MIPS comprised 1,873 bp, which encodes 510 amino acids. The Pv_BAT93 MIPS gene was highly homologous with those of other plant species, such as P. vulgaris (cv, Taylor's Horticultural), Arabidopsis thaliana, Medicago sativa and Glycine max. DNA blot analysis indicated that at least three copies of MIPS are present in the common bean genome. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the Pv_BAT93 MIPS transcripts existed in developing seeds and other common bean tissues, including leaves, flowers, and cotyledons but showed lower levels expression in roots and stems. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Pv_BAT93 MIPS gene is differentially expressed during common bean seed development. In situ hybridization of developing seeds in the wild type and in the ethyl methanesulfonate mutant showed that expression of Pv_BAT93 MIPS was identified in the embryo tissues, from the globular to late cotyledon stages, confirming a possible involvement of Pv_BAT93 MIPS in common bean seed development.

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“…2C). 8 In the crl5 ral1 double mutant, a seminal root was not produced and the crown root number was also clearly lower than in the wild type (Fig. 2D).…”

Section: Difference Between Crown Root and Radicle Initiation In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanism of crown root initiation and the different mechanisms between crown root and radicle in rice

Kitomi

Kitano

Inukai

2011

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Roots play essential roles in plant development such as absorbing water and nutrients and supporting the plant body. Recent progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of root formation has revealed an elaborate system of regulation by plant hormones and their interactions.1,2 However, these analyses were mostly performed in Arabidopsis, a model dicot.Monocot plants produce numerous adventitious (crown) roots from nodes ( Fig. 1A) and form a fibrous root system (Fig. 1B). We reported a rice mutant, 3 termed crl5, which produced fewer crown roots and displayed impaired initiation of crown root primordia. CRL5 encodes a member of the APETALA2 (AP2)/ EHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (ERF) transcription factor family. We found that CRL5 functions downstream of the AUXIN (AUX)/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (IAA) and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF)-mediated auxin signaling pathways involved in crown root initiation. Further analysis revealed that CRL5 upregulates a type-A response regulator (RR) of cytokinin signaling, OsRR1. These results indicated that auxin-induced CRL5 functions as a positive regulator of crown root initiation through repression of cytokinin signaling. The Ability of CRL5 for de novo Root InitiationWe showed that CRL5 shares significant sequence similarity with AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) containing 2 AP2 domains in Arabidopsis. 4 Seven AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL)/ PLETHORA (PLT) proteins were reported to share high sequence similarity with ANT.5 Among them, PLT1, PLT2, AIL6/PLT3 and AtBABY BOOM (AtBBM) have been shown to Monocot plants produce numerous adventitious (crown) roots. The plant hormone auxin has positive effects on crown root formation, while cytokinin suppresses it. We have demonstrated that auxin-induced CROWN ROOTLESS5 (CRL5) regulates crown root initiation in rice through the induction of OsRR1, a negative regulator of cytokinin signaling. CRL5 overexpressing calli formed adventitious roots, although CRL5 overexpressing plants did not induce ectopic roots, suggesting that CRL5, which promotes de novo root initiation, might function only in de-differentiated cells. A radicle initiated normally in a crl5 mutant, in spite of the defect in crown root initiation, whereas crown roots, but not a radicle, were produced in a radicleless1 (ral1) mutant. A crl5 ral1 double mutant displayed an additive phenotype, showing that the formation of each root is regulated by different genetic mechanisms in rice.

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Phenotypic diversity of 188 rice embryo mutants

Cited by 83 publications

References 43 publications

A rice homeobox gene, OSH1, is expressed before organ differentiation in a specific region during early embryogenesis.

A rice homeobox gene, OSH1, is expressed before organ differentiation in a specific region during early embryogenesis.

Comparative Expression and Cellular Localization of Myo-inositol Phosphate Synthase (MIPS) in the Wild Type and in an EMS Mutant During Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Seed Development

Molecular mechanism of crown root initiation and the different mechanisms between crown root and radicle in rice

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