Phenotypic Differentiation of Purebred and Crossbred Indigenous Chicken Genotypes Using Multivariate Analysis

Adeleke, Matthew Adekunle; Venkatas, Jeaneen; Peters, Sunday O.; Adebambo, O. A.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2019.301.308

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Since, in practice, environments in which chickens are kept and selection is done, are often different, the breeding goal should, however, re ect the economic and production environment in which the animals are reared [60,44]. This is done by involving genetic correlations caused by G × E [74], which is generally lower than unity [17]. A loss in genetic gain should be expected when G × E is less than 0.8 [53,21].…”

Section: Rates Of Genetic Gain and Inbreeding Of Indigenous Chicken I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response to Selection of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda Using Within-Breed Selection Strategy

Habimana,

Ngeno,

Okeno

2024

Preprint

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The study evaluated response to selection from within-breed selection strategy for conventional (CBS) and genomic (GBS) breeding schemes. These breeding schemes were evaluated in both high-health environments (nucleus) and smallholder farms (commercial). Breeding goal was to develop a dual-purpose IC for both eggs and meat through selective breeding. Breeding objectives were body weight (BW), egg weight (EW), egg number (EN) and resistance to Newcastle disease (AbR). A deterministic simulation was performed to evaluate rates of genetic gain and inbreeding. Base population in the nucleus was made up of 40 cockerels and 200 pullets. Selection pressure was 4% and 20% in the males and the females, respectively. The impact of nucleus size and selection pressure on rates of genetic gain and inbreeding of the breeding program was investigated through sensitivity analysis. SelAction software was used to predict rates of genetic gain and inbreeding. Results showed that using CBS in the nucleus, the breeding goal was 340.41$ and 1.13 times higher than that in the commercial flock. Inbreeding rate per generation of selected chicken in the nucleus was 1.45% and lower by 1.32 times compared to their offspring under smallholder farms. Genetic gains per generation in the nucleus for BW and EN traits were 141.10 g and 1.07 eggs and 1.12 and 1.10 times greater than those in smallholder farms, respectively. With GBS, the breeding goal was increased by 3.00 times whereas inbreeding rate was reduced by 3.15 times. Besides, using GBS, the selected birds in the nucleus were relatively similar to those in a commercial environment. Finally, the study revealed that the nucleus size and mating ratio influence the rates of genetic gain and inbreeding in both GBS and CBS. This study shows that IC in Rwanda have the potential to be improved through within-breed selection strategy using either CBS or GBS.

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Section: Rates Of Genetic Gain and Inbreeding Of Indigenous Chicken I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To develop superior germplasm that performs optimally within speci c climatic conditions, G x E should, therefore, be considered in-ock selection and planning of breeding strategy [64]. Furthermore, there is a need to evaluate improved genetic stock under speci c climatic conditions before its release for commercial utilisation [74].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to Selection of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda Using Within-Breed Selection Strategy

Habimana,

Ngeno,

Okeno

2024

Preprint

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“…Approximately 60 billion chickens per annum are produced globally, yielding 90 million tons of meat and over a trillion eggs (Clark et al ., 2017). Chikens' protein content, short generation interval and global availability make them an economically significant poultry species (Venkatas et al ., 2019). However, the productivity and welfare of chickens are compromised by several diseases, including coccidiosis (Adenaike et al ., 2018; Hamid et al ., 2018; Macdonald et al ., 2019; Venkatas and Adeleke, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging threat ofEimeriaoperational taxonomic units (OTUs) on poultry production

Venkatas

Adeleke

2019

Parasitology

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Coccidiosis is an antagonistic poultry disease which negatively impacts animal welfare and productivity. The disease is caused by an obligate, intracellular protozoon known as Eimeria. Several Eimeria species known to infect chickens have been well documented. However, recent studies have elucidated the emergence of three novel genetic variants or operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The discovery of OTUx, OTUy and OTUz complicates the identification and diagnosis of coccidiosis. OTUs are clusters of unknown or uncultivated organisms that are grouped according to a similarity in DNA sequence to a set of specific gene markers. OTUs have been reported in the Earth's Southern Hemisphere, including Australia, Venezuela, India, Zambia, Uganda, Tanzania, China and Ghana. Elucidating their impact on the poultry industry is fundamental in preventing anticoccidial resistance and to access the potential of OTUs as vaccine candidates to provide cross-protection against similar Eimeria species. The identification of OTUs further decreases the risk of false negative coccidial diagnosis. Therefore, this article reviews the importance and risk imposed by OTUs, coupled with their prevalence and geographical distribution in chickens globally.

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Identification of Quantitative Characteristic and Association Between ACTA-1 Gene and Body Weight in Local Chicken

Andini

Ismoyowati

Purwantini

2019

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This study aims to identify the quantitative characteristics of local chickens and examine the presence of polymorphisms based on the nucleotide sequences of ACTA-1 genes. The material used is a local chicken consisting of 25 Pelung and 25 Native chickens. The quantitative data uses t test. Identification ACTA-1 gene polymorphism is carried out by PCR method and Sequencing of PCR product. The quantitative characters, of male Pelung and Native chickens significantly different, involving the length of tarsometatarsus, tarsometatarsus circumference, comb height and body weight. Meanwhile, female Pelung and Native chickens show significant differences in femur length, tibia length, tarsometatarsus length, tarsometatarsus circumference, third finger length, wing length, comb height and body weight. The sequencing result indicates the presence of SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) among them c.584 T > G, c.585 T> A, and c.657 T> C. Furthermore, in the base c.657 T> C the heterozygosity value of 0.18. Based on correlation value at c. 585 T>A shows that AA genotype has a significant effect on body weight (P<0.05). Therefore, the ACTA-1 gene is an important marker, which can be used to improve the economic characteristics found in local chickens.

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Phenotypic Differentiation of Purebred and Crossbred Indigenous Chicken Genotypes Using Multivariate Analysis

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Response to Selection of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda Using Within-Breed Selection Strategy

Response to Selection of Indigenous Chicken in Rwanda Using Within-Breed Selection Strategy

Emerging threat ofEimeriaoperational taxonomic units (OTUs) on poultry production

Identification of Quantitative Characteristic and Association Between ACTA-1 Gene and Body Weight in Local Chicken

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