Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Nocardia in Brain Abscess

Fatahi-Bafghi, Mehdi

doi:10.4103/2277-9175.205191

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Nocardia and other Actinomycetes such as Rhodococcus , Gordonia and Mycobacterium have similar characteristics and may be the cause of misidentification. Typically, Nocardia was differentiated from others by several methods, such as colonial morphology properties and pigmentation (Fatahi‐Bafghi, 2017). In addition, some conventional staining methods including Gram staining, acid‐fast staining and partially acid‐fast staining were used to identify Nocardia spp.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenicity, diagnosis, prevention strategies and immune response of bacterium Nocardia seriolae : A critical review

Nawaz

Gao

Huang

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Research

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Nocardia seriolae, an opportunistic and facultative intracellular Gram‐positive bacterium, is mainly responsible for nocardiosis in fish. Nocardiosis is a chronic, granulomatous and systemic disease in which lesions are found in the skin as well as several internal organs such as the kidney, liver and spleen with the distinctive nodular granuloma structure. N. seriolae is capable of infecting a wide variety of fish species which poses a devastating impact on the aquaculture sector around the globe, particularly in Asia. Due to the lack of appearance of nocardiosis symptoms at the earlier stages, multiple epidemics of nocardiosis causing high mortality have been recorded. To this end, numerous epidemiological studies have been carried out to characterize and identify Nocardia spp. through several detection techniques, which have favoured the formulation of a multitude of antibiotics and vaccines. After bacterial resistance to antibiotics, nowadays, vaccination has been considered the more appropriate strategy to treat nocardiosis. For valuable information related to N. seriolae and to combat fish nocardiosis, this review extended the existing knowledge, including pathogenesis, virulence characteristics, rapid detection techniques, host immune response and prevention strategies against N. seriolae infection in fish species in aquaculture.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Bafghi et al, 2015). Other staining methods include methenamine silver staining (Iannotti et al, 2009), growth to lysozyme broth, aerial hyphae production (Fatahi‐Bafghi, 2017; Iannotti et al, 2009), mycolic acid (Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2012) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (Buckwalter et al, 2016).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity, diagnosis, prevention strategies and immune response of bacterium Nocardia seriolae : A critical review

Nawaz

Gao

Huang

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Research

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“…[ 1 2 ] Fecally contaminated drinking water is a major public health problem. [ 3 ] Coliform bacteria are general contaminants present in drinking water. Therefore, detecting them as indicators of human fecal contamination is very important for protection of public health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water Sources

et al. 2017

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Background:Coliform bacteria are used as indicator organisms for detecting fecal pollution in water. Traditional methods including microbial culture tests in lactose-containing media and enzyme-based tests for the detection of β-galactosidase; however, these methods are time-consuming and less specific. The aim of this study was to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting coliform.Materials and Methods:Totally, 100 of water samples from Isfahan drinking water source were collected. Coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli were detected in drinking water using LacZ and LamB genes in PCR method performed in comparison with biochemical tests for all samples.Results:Using phenotyping, 80 coliform isolates were found. The results of the biochemical tests illustrated 78.7% coliform bacteria and 21.2% E. coli. PCR results for LacZ and LamB genes were 67.5% and 17.5%, respectively.Conclusion:The PCR method was shown to be an effective, sensitive, and rapid method for detecting coliform and E. coli in drinking water from the Isfahan drinking water sources.

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“…Therefore, accurate identification at the species level and antibacterial susceptibility testing (AST) is necessary. Further, several articles have reported patients with nocardiosis treated with co‐trimoxazole developing a hypersensitivity reaction …”

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confidence: 99%

Comment on: A case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by two opportunistic infections

Bafghi

2019

Int J of Rheum Dis

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Dear Editor, I read with interest the article entitled "A case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by two opportunistic infections" by Kavandi et al 1 The genus Nocardia is normal soil micro-flora and causes various infections (nocardiosis) in humans. 2 I have 3 comments about this article: 1. The gold standard for nocardiosis identification is isolation and culture of the micro-organism 2 and radiologic findings or direct microscopy examination of specimens is not appropriate for accurate identification. 2. In Actinobacteria phylum, other genera such as non-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (NTM), Gordonia, Tsukamurella, Rhodococcus, and etc. have mycolic acids in their cell walls that are positive in modified acid-fast staining similar to Nocardia species. 2-5 3. Although co-trimoxazole has been used for nocardiosis treatment, some Nocardia species are resistant to these agents. Therefore, accurate identification at the species level and antibacterial susceptibility testing (AST) is necessary. Further, several articles have reported patients with nocardiosis treated with cotrimoxazole developing a hypersensitivity reaction. 2,6,7 O RCI D Mehdi Fatahi-Bafghi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4665-9447 R E FE R E N C E S 1. Kavandi H, Hajialiloo M, Varshochi M, Kolahi S, Khabbazi A. A case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by two opportunistic infections. Int J Rheum Dis. 2017;20(12):2206-2208. 2. Fatahi-Bafghi M. Nocardiosis from 1888 to 2017. Microb Pathog. 2018;114:369-384. 3. Safaei S, Fatahi-Bafghi M, Pouresmaeil O. Role of Tsukamurella species in human infections: first literature review. New Microbes New Infect. 2018;22:6-12. 4. Fatahi-Bafghi M. Nocardia identification at the genus level. Circ J. 2017;81(2):270. 5. Andalibi F, Fatahi-Bafghi M. Gordonia: isolation and identification in clinical samples and role in biotechnology. Folia Microbiol. 2017;62(3):245-252. 6. Fatahi-Bafghi M. Phenotypic and molecular identification of Nocardia in brain abscess. Adv Biomed Res. 2017;6:49. 7. Brown-Elliott BA, Brown JM, Conville PS, Wallace RJ. Clinical and laboratory features of the Nocardia spp. based on current molecular taxonomy. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006;19(2):259-282.

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Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Nocardia in Brain Abscess

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Pathogenicity, diagnosis, prevention strategies and immune response of bacterium Nocardia seriolae : A critical review

Pathogenicity, diagnosis, prevention strategies and immune response of bacterium Nocardia seriolae : A critical review

Evaluation of Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detecting Coliform Bacteria in Drinking Water Sources

Comment on: A case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by two opportunistic infections

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