Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Bovine Mastitis in Egypt

Abstract

Bovine mastitis constitutes an economic and serious problem in dairy industry worldwide. This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Menoufiya governorate, Egypt. A total of 530 mastitic samples (280 clinical and 250 subclinical) were collected and subjected to bacteriological examination. The result revealed that prevalence rate of clinical and subclinical mastitis was 52.83% and 47.16%, while S. aureus prevalence rate was 28.57% and 24.4% in clinical and subclinical mastitis respectively. Out of 157 staphylococci isolates on MSA medium, 141(89.9%) were identified as S. aureus isolates through biochemical activities and confirmed by amplifying of nuc gene at 279 bp. All S. aureus isolates confirmed by nuc gene (141 isolates) were tested for antibiogram profile against some β-lactams antibiotics (oxacillin, penicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) that recorded high resistance against these antibiotics. Out of 141 isolates, 128 (90.78%) were confirmed as MRSA strains based on phenotypic resistance to oxacillin and confirmed by molecular detection of the mecA gene at 310 bp. In conclusion, these results showed the significance of continuous surveillance of antibiogram pattern of S. aureus isolates of mastitis origin to design effective control measures for S. aureus mastitis.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Subclinical Mastitis of Dairy Cows in Mathura Region

“…A similar prevalence rate of S. aureus was reported in studies conducted in Pakistan at 37.14% (Javed et al, 2021) and 44.9%, (Abed et al, 2021). A lower prevalence of S. aureus (7.3%) was reported by Preethirani et al (2015) in buffaloes in South India and Egypt by Moustafa et al (2021) as 24.4% S. aureus. S. aureus is considered to b e th e predo minant causative agent fo r causin g subclinical mastitis.…”

“…It was reported to be slightly higher than previous studies reporting 13.68% in Iran (Khazaie and Ahmad, 2021), 14.12% in Pakistan (Javed et al, 2021), 10.71% in Egypt (Abdeen et al, 2021) and 6.9% in Nepal (Shrestha et al, 2021). However, a very high percentage was reported from Egypt 90.78% by Moustafa et al (2021) and 100% by Algammal et al (2020). Both of them reported the prevalence based only on phenotypic characters as compared to genotypic characterization for the same.…”

“…The prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle and buffalo was reported to be high in developing countries as reported to be 26.95% in Sindh, Pakistan (Baloch et al, 2016), 45.97% in Faisalabad, Pakistan (Javed et al, 2021), 49% in Srilanka (Rahularaj et al, 2019), 35.9%, 28%, 46% and 47.16% in Egypt (Algammal et al, 2020;Abdeen et al, 2021;Abed et al, 2021;Moustafa et al, 2021) and 49% in Ethiopia (Tegegne et al, 2021). In India, a higher prevalence has been reported in buffaloes by Preethirani et al (2015) from South India.…”

“…Staphylococcus aureus represents a major agent of contagious bovine subclinical mastitis and it commonly spreads from infected to non-infected cows at milking in absence of proper hygienic and managemental practices. Prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy animals caused by S. aureus has been reported in recent years from developing countries including Iran (Beheshti et al, 2011), Brazil (Busanello et al, 2017), Ethiopia (Birhanu et al, 2017;Tegegne et al 2021), Egypt (Algammal et al, 2020;Moustafa et al 2021) and Pakistan (Javed et al, 2021). In India, subclinical mastitis in cattle and buffaloes has been reported in different states such as Karnataka, Punjab and others (Hegde et al, 2013;Kaur et al, 2015;Das et al, 2017).…”