Phenotypic and genetic description of fibre traits in South American domestic camelids (llamas and alpacas)

Frank, Eduardo; Hick, Michel Victor Hubert; Gauna, Claudio; Lamas, Hugo; Renieri, Carlo; Antonini, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.003

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first time in which genetic parameters have been estimated separately in the HU and the SU breeds for fibre traits (see Frank et al, 2006 andGutiérrez et al, 2009, for reviews) and the first report on genetic analysis of type traits in alpaca. The estimated heritabilities for FD and CV in the HU breed were slightly lower than those recently reported in the same population by Gutiérrez et al (2009), when both breeds were jointly analysed but including the breed as a fixed factor of the estimation model fitted.…”

Section: Fibre Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported heritabilities for fibre traits in New Zealand (Wuliji et al, 2000) or Australian alpacas (Ponzoni et al, 1999) are within the range reported here for the SU breed. Frank et al (2006) suggested that fibre traits heritabilities estimated in alpaca tended to be low to moderate in the high plateau environment and very high outside Altiplano conditions. From our results, we can argue that there are major genes influencing fibre traits segregating in different alpaca populations.…”

Section: Fibre Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, type traits can be used as selection criteria themselves for commercial purposes. In any case, subjective scoring might also be conditioned by the breed given that fibre appearance is quite different in Huacayo and Suri breeds (Renieri et al, 2009;Frank et al, 2006;Wuliji et al, 2000). Huacayo individuals have a crimpy and bulky fleece while Suris grows a straight and compact fleece.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters and relationships between fibre and type traits in two breeds of Peruvian alpacas

Cervantes

Pérez-Cabal

Morante³

et al. 2010

Small Ruminant Research

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a b s t r a c tFour fibre traits (fibre diameter, FD; coefficient of variation of FD, comfort factor; and standard deviation of FD) were jointly analysed with six subjectively scored type traits (fleece density, crimp, lock structure, head, coverage, and balance) in two breeds of Peruvian Altiplano alpaca (Suri, SU; and Huacayo, HU) to ascertain their genetic relationship. A total of 2405 fibre records and 2194 type scores were available for the HU breed whereas these figures were 709 for fibre records and 650 for type scores for the SU breed. Estimated heritabilities for fibre traits were moderate to high, ranging from 0.565 to 0.699 in the SU breed and from 0.255 to 0.417 in the HU breed. Genetic and permanent environmental correlations between fibre related traits were extremely similar across breeds suggesting that these traits are fairly the same. Heritabilities estimated for the type traits tended to be lower than those estimated for the fibre traits particularly in the SU breed (ranging from 0.173 to 0.272). Fibre and type traits were, in general, genetically poorly correlated except for crimp in the HU breed, which had favourable correlations, from moderate to high, for fibre traits. In Altiplano areas in which fibre performance recording could not be implemented, crimp scoring makes it feasible to carry out mass selection in the Huacayo breed and furthermore include rural communities in national or regional selection programmes.

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Section: Fibre Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fibre Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic parameters and relationships between fibre and type traits in two breeds of Peruvian alpacas

Cervantes

Pérez-Cabal

Morante³

et al. 2010

Small Ruminant Research

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“…Genetic control of fleece characteristics in alpaca In alpaca, a differentiation is made between two types of fleece, Huacaya and Suri (Calle Escobar, 1984;Novoa and Wilson, 1992;Frank et al, 2001b and. Huacaya is more common and is characterised by compact, soft and highly crimped fibres, with blunt-tipped locks and is very similar to those of Merino sheep.…”

Section: Fibre Growth Patternmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of fibre production and fleece characteristics in small ruminants, Angora rabbit and South American camelids

Allain

Renieri

2010

Animal

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This paper reviews genetics of fibre production and fleece characteristics in small ruminants, Angora rabbit and South American camelids with a special distinction between single-coated (SC) and double-coated (DC) species. Considering the biology of fibre production, there are variations in coat composition and structure, fibre growth pattern and fibre structure and quality between these two main kinds of fibre-producing animals. In SC species, all fibres are nearly similar in dimensions and are produced from individual follicles that have a very long period, essentially permanent, of active growth without a synchronous phase of rest between follicles. In contrast, in DC species the fleece comprises a coarse outer coat and a fine inner coat with variations of coat composition and structure, and fibre growth pattern according to the season with a well-defined duration of fibre growth. Genetic basis of hair growth pattern, coat composition and fibre structure are different between species. In small ruminants, these coat characters are additive and because of several genes whereas in rabbit, several autosomal recessive genes determine fibre growth, coat composition and structure. In alpaca, the fleece type (Suri or Huacaya) is determined by a single dominant gene. This paper also reviews genetic parameters of fibre production traits in Angora goat, Angora rabbit and alpaca in which many aspects of the genetic basis of fibre production are analogous. There are many traits controlling both fibre quality and fibre quantity, and most of these traits tend to be moderately to strongly inherited so that a rapid genetic progress in any traits is possible and indeed has been achieved. However, there are differences in breeding programmes. In DC Angora rabbit, selection for one single trait, the easy measurable total fleece weight has general beneficial effects on fleece quality. However, because of antagonistic relations between qualitative and quantitative traits in SC species, achieving this goal requires a multi-trait selection index approach. Gene mapping studies have recently identified several putative quantitative trait loci and major genes affecting fibre and fleece characteristics in sheep, goat and rabbit are reviewed. The whole genome sequence of sheep and rabbit will be available in the near future and the use of high-density single nucleotide polymorphism chip will allow fine mapping and dissection of the genetic basis of many production traits including fibre production and fleece characteristics. The application of these techniques will thus contribute to improving the efficiency, profitability and sustainability of small ruminant and rabbit fibre production.

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“…The ability of alpacas to adapt to high altitudes allows the use of extensive areas of natural pastures, which represent a difficult environment for other domestic species. Alpaca fibre is highly appreciated by the textile industry and competes well with cashmere and mohair, having worldwide acceptance because of its high textile quality (Frank et al, 2006). There are several traits of commercial importance in alpaca fibre, depending on the textile industrial stage, some being more important in early, for example, scouring; other in latter processes, for example, fabric properties such as 'comfort -E-mail: dalomar@uach.cl factor (CF)', that is, percentage of fibres with diameter , 30 mm (McGregor et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of alpaca fibre quality by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Canaza-Cayo

Alomar

Quispe

2013

Animal

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Rapid and efficient methods to evaluate variables associated with fibre quality are essential in animal breeding programs and fibre trade. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multivariate analysis was evaluated to predict textile quality attributes of alpaca fibre. Raw samples of fibres taken from male and female Huacaya alpacas (n 5 291) of different ages and colours were scanned and their visible-near-infrared (NIR; 400 to 2500 nm) reflectance spectra were collected and analysed. Reference analysis of the samples included mean fibre diameter (MFD), standard deviation of fibre diameter (SDFD), coefficient of variation of fibre diameter (CVFD), mean fibre curvature (MFC), standard deviation of fibre curvature (SDFC), comfort factor (CF), spinning fineness (SF) and staple length (SL). Patterns of spectral variation (loadings) were explored by principal component analysis (PCA), where the first four PC's explained 99.97% and the first PC alone 95.58% of spectral variability. Calibration models were developed by modified partial least squares regression, testing different mathematical treatments (derivative order, subtraction gap, smoothing segment) of the spectra, with or without applying spectral correction algorithms (standard normal variate and detrend). Equations were selected through one-out cross-validation according to the proportion of explained variance (R 2 CV), root mean square error in cross-validation (RMSECV) and the residual predictive deviation (RPD), which relates the standard deviation of the reference data to RMSECV. The best calibration models were accomplished when using the NIR region (1100 to 2500 nm) for the prediction of MFD and SF, with R 2 CV 5 0.90 and 0.87; RMSECV 5 1.01 and 1.08 mm and RPD 5 3.13 and 2.73, respectively. Models for SDFD, CVFD, MFC, SDFC, CF and SL had lower predictive quality with R 2 CV , 0.65 and RPD , 1.5. External validation performed for MFD and SF on 91 samples was slightly poorer than cross-validation, with R 2 of 0.86 and 0.82, and standard error of prediction of 1.21 and 1.33 mm, for MFD and SF, respectively. It is concluded that NIRS can be used as an effective technique to select alpacas according to some important textile quality traits such as MFD and SF.Keywords: alpaca, fibre quality, diameter, near-infrared spectroscopy, NIRS Implications Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was evaluated as a technique to assess alpaca fibre diameter, staple length and other related traits, measured in greasy samples. The best calibration models, developed by a multivariate regression method, were able to obtain useful predictions for fibre diameter and spinning fineness. Other variables were poorly predicted. As diameter of fibre is one of the most important variables related to textile quality, NIRS can be employed as an effective technique to evaluate the product and to assist alpaca breeders in the identification of superior animals.

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Phenotypic and genetic description of fibre traits in South American domestic camelids (llamas and alpacas)

Cited by 65 publications

References 9 publications

Genetic parameters and relationships between fibre and type traits in two breeds of Peruvian alpacas

Genetic parameters and relationships between fibre and type traits in two breeds of Peruvian alpacas

Genetics of fibre production and fleece characteristics in small ruminants, Angora rabbit and South American camelids

Prediction of alpaca fibre quality by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

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