Phenotypes and endotypes of adult asthma: Moving toward precision medicine

Kaur, Ravdeep; Chupp, Geoffrey

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.05.031

Cited by 320 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…An example of using modern hypersensitivity concepts to explain asthma is a recent article on phenotypes and endotypes of adult asthma (Table 10). 28 They use cluster analysis studies to divide adult asthma in different phenotypes, and use immunological data to further characterize endotypic features. 28 A recent study used adult asthmatics that had a pediatric onset to define the cellular census of their disease.…”

Section: Pediatric Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 They use cluster analysis studies to divide adult asthma in different phenotypes, and use immunological data to further characterize endotypic features. 28 A recent study used adult asthmatics that had a pediatric onset to define the cellular census of their disease. 29 These types of reports are the basis of redefining asthma in modern immunological constructs and continues to define this common but complex disease.…”

Section: Pediatric Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 Data in adults often characterize less or (non-) Type 2 asthma. 28 Pediatric data are moving in the direction of phenotyping, but is limited by age and invasiveness of tissue sampling.…”

Section: Pediatric Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Everyday Occurrence in Pediatric Allergy Clinics

Hopp

2020

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology

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The explanation of hypersensitivity reactions has long relied on the classification of Gell and Coombs, originally proposed in the 1960s. However, their concepts were predated by other authors by at least 50 years. A 21st century pediatric allergy clinic provides multiple examples of these basic concepts on a daily basis. We review classic and less classic examples of the original criteria, highlight where current disease pathophysiology does not always fit the original model, and provide updated language for common and uncommon immunologically driven hypersensitivity diseases.

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Section: Pediatric Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pediatric Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Everyday Occurrence in Pediatric Allergy Clinics

Hopp

2020

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology

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“…Chronic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, edema, variable obstruction, and fatigue characterize asthma. In both children and adults, asthma encompasses different, overlapping phenotypes (Wenzel, 2012;Kaur and Chupp, 2019). Allergic multi-morbidity and predominance in males characterize childhood-onset asthma, whereas adult-onset asthma is more common in females and includes a wide variety of allergic [T helper (Th) Type 2 (Th2)-high] and nonallergic (often Th1-high) phenotypes (Wenzel, 2012;Frohlich et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The environment strongly affects gene expression by epigenetic mechanisms. In addition to genetic predisposition, climate change, population growth, aging, and urbanization impact the increasing prevalence of chronic airway diseases (Kaur and Chupp, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airway Epithelial Dynamics in Allergy and Related Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases

Laulajainen‐Hongisto

Toppila‐Salmi

Luukkainen

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma are highly prevalent, multifactorial chronic airway diseases. Several environmental and genetic factors affect airway epithelial dynamics leading to activation of inflammatory mechanisms in the airways. This review links environmental factors to host epithelial immunity in airway diseases. Understanding altered homeostasis of the airway epithelium might provide important targets for diagnostics and therapy of chronic airway diseases.

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Cynaropicrin attenuates inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells and ovalbumin‐induced asthmatic mice

Chen,

Liu

2024

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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This study examines the anti‐inflammatory activity of cynaropicrin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro and ovalbumin (OVA)‐challenged asthma in mice. Cynaropicrin's antimicrobial effects were tested on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) using the disc diffusion technique. Cytotoxicity was assessed with an (3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazolyl‐2)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The anti‐inflammatory property was evaluated in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells, while OVA‐challenged asthmatic mice were treated with 10 mg/kg of cynaropicrin. Key inflammatory and antioxidant markers were quantified, and lung histology was examined to confirm therapeutic roles. The antimicrobial studies proved that cynaropicrin effectively inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. pyogenes. Cynaropicrin displayed no cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, it significantly inhibited inflammatory cytokine synthesis upon LPS induction. Cynaropicrin treatment decreased the inflammatory cell counts and also suppressed specific allergic markers in OVA‐challenged mice. It also decreased nitric oxide and myeloperoxidase levels and reduced pulmonary edema. Cynaropicrin increased antioxidant levels and decreased proinflammatory cytokines in the asthmatic mice. Lung histological examination confirms the ameliorative potency of cynaropicrin against OVA‐induced asthmatic pulmonary inflammation in mice. Our findings suggest cynaropicrin possesses significant ameliorative potency against allergen‐induced pulmonary inflammation.

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Phenotypes and endotypes of adult asthma: Moving toward precision medicine

Cited by 320 publications

References 79 publications

Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Everyday Occurrence in Pediatric Allergy Clinics

Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Everyday Occurrence in Pediatric Allergy Clinics

Airway Epithelial Dynamics in Allergy and Related Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases

Cynaropicrin attenuates inflammatory cytokines in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 cells and ovalbumin‐induced asthmatic mice

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