Phenomenology of organismic calcite precipitation by <i>Phacotus</i> in hardwater lakes and ponds of northeastern Germany

Krienitz, Lothar; Koschel, Rainer; Giering, B.; Casper, Steven; Hepperle, Dominik

doi:10.1080/03680770.1992.11900084

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Considering the two ponds sampled in this study, P. lenticularis was found in only one of them: the larger, throughflow pond in Dopiewo. Its density was higher there than in the other studied water bodies, and similar to the maximum reported by Krienitz et al (1993) in the highly eutrophic/dimictic German Lake Haussee, also recorded in June: 32×10 3 cells cm -3 . In 2014, the abundance of P. lenticularis in this pond was much lower, as it did not exceed 2×10 3 cells cm -3 (Szeląg-Wasielewska et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In an earlier study (Szeląg-Wasielewska 2006), the estimated contribution of P. lenticularis to the total phytoplankton biomass in Lake Strzeszyńskie was quite high (up to 37%). The lowest contribution of P. lenticularis to phytoplankton biomass was reported by Krienitz et al (1993) from several northern German Baltic lakes and ponds and Stefaniak et al (2007) from the hypertrophic Lake Swarzędzkie located in Poland (15 km east of Poznań), respectively 0.01-10.0% and 10.0%. Also, in Lake Durowskie P. lenticularis was abundant, reaching densities of up to 1.5×10 3 cells cm -3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Szeląg-Wasielewska

Pajchrowska

Mądrecka

et al. 2018

Limnological Review

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The unicellular flagellates of the genus Phacotus, which form a solid calcite lorica by extracellular precipitation of calcium carbonate are some of the nanoplankters quite frequently occurring in hardwater ecosystems of the temperate zone. The aim of this study was to describe seasonal changes of Phacotus lenticularis populations in several types of water bodies (a glacial lake, small and shallow ponds, and a lowland river) in relation to some environmental parameters. All the water bodies are subject to multiple human pressure: recreation, fishing, agriculture, and urbanization. P. lenticularis individuals preserved in Lugol’s solution were counted under an inverted microscope (after sedimentation in 14 or 9 ml chambers), including both empty and filled loricae. Its populations differed both between seasons and between waters. High P. lenticularis abundance was mainly limited to the summer months. It was observed at temperatures above 19°C and pH values above 7.8, in water characterized by quite high electrolytic conductivity (>500 μS cm-1). Statistical analysis reveals two significant relationships between physicochemical parameters and the abundance of P. lenticularis. This suggests that in the investigated waters the biotic factors and processes are probably more important regulators of changes in the density of its population than nutrients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Szeląg-Wasielewska

Pajchrowska

Mądrecka

et al. 2018

Limnological Review

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“…Phacotus has been observed in several lakes of northeastern Germany (Koschel et al 1987b;Koschel and Raidt 1988). Krienitz et al (1993) determined that Phacotus represents 95% or more of the total sedimentary calcite in Haussee and Tollensee (northeastern Germany). From the analysis of smear slides from S-trap samples we estimate that Phacotus shells in Sacrower See constitute up to one-third of the total calcite flux.…”

Section: Sediment Fluxes and Sediment Composition During The Annual Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Radiation and Onset of Stratification as Forcing Factors of Seasonal Carbonate and Organic Matter Flux Dynamics in a Hypertrophic Hardwater Lake (Sacrower See, Northeastern Germany)

et al. 2008

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A 2-year (October 2003-October 2005 high-resolution sediment trap study was conducted in Sacrower See, a dimictic hardwater lake in northeastern Germany. Geochemical and diatom data from sediment trap samples were compared with a broad range of limnological and meteorological parameters to quantify the impact of single parameters on biochemical calcite precipitation and organic matter production. Our goals were to disentangle how carbonaceous varves and their sublaminae form during the annual cycle to better understand the palaeorecords and to detect influences of dissolution, resuspension as well as of global radiation and stratification on lake internal particle formation. Total particle fluxes in both investigated years were highest during spring and summer. Sedimentation was dominated by autochthonous organic matter and biochemically precipitated calcite. Main calcite precipitation occurred between April and July and was preceded and followed by smaller flux peaks caused by resuspension during winter and blooms of the calcified green algae Phacotus lenticularis during summer. In some of the trap intervals during summer up to 100% of the precipitated calcite was dissolved in the hypolimnion. High primary production due to stable insolation conditions in epilimnic waters began with stratification of the water column. Start and development of stratification is closely related to air and water surface temperatures. It is assumed that global radiation influences the onset and stability of water column stratification and thereby determining the intensity of primary production and consequently of timing and amount of calcite precipitation which is triggered by phytoplanktonic CO 2 consumption. Sediment fluxes of organic matter and calcite are also related to the winter NAO-Index. Therefore these fluxes will be used as a proxy for ongoing reconstruction of Holocene climate conditions.

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“…In hard-water lakes, supersaturation values of 15 (Lake Constance, Kuchler-Krischun and Kleiner 1990), 5 (Lake Stechlin, Proft and Stutter 1993), and 18-34 (Lake Dagow, our data) have been observed. The pH of natural habitats during blooms of Phacotus varied between 8.0 and 9.7 (Krienitz et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sulfates and carbonates) at conce~itrations near saturation or even to supersaturation. We started with a medium in which the concentrations of the selected ions were similar to those in two well-studied hard-water lakes, Lake Haussee and Lake Stechlin (Baltic Lake District, Germany), both natural habitats of Phacntus bntirulans (Casper 1985, Raid1 and Koschel 1993, Koschel et al 1987, Krienitz et al 1993. Two exceptions were made; that is, Na and Si were given in higher concentrations (Na: X3.3; Si: X13.9) to obtain a supersaturation of calcium carbonate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PHACOTUS LENTICULARIS (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, PHACOTACEAE) ZOOSPORES REQUIRE EXTERNAL SUPERSATURATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE FOR CALCIFICATION IN CULTURE^1,²

Hepperle

Krienitz

1997

Journal of Phycology

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In nature, zoospores of the chlamydophycean genus Phacotus Perty usually have a calcified lorica. The onb cultured species, Phacotus lenticularis (Ehrenberg) Stein, did not readily calcib in artijicial media. To overcome this dejiciency, we developed an artt$cial culture medium (N-HS) in which Phacotus lenticularis forrned mineralized loricae, as under natural conditions. Calcijication of Phacotus (strain Krienitz 91/I) was achieved in a medium containing the ionic concentrations found in natural habitats (i.e. Lake Haussee and Lake Stechlin), hardwater lakes of the Baltic Lake District (Germany). The N-HS medium contained extremely low phosphate concentrations and high calcium and magnesium concentrations compared with common culture media, but the concentrations were similar to those in the lakes. Calcium carbonate in N-HS medium was dissolved up to the saturation concentration (saturation index = I ) . Supersaturation was achieued by the addition of ultra-alkaline compounds (NaJiO, or NaOH). The medium with the highest supersaturation had a saturation index of 118 and was extremely supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. In that medium and in modijied media with less of the sodium compounds (lower supersaturations), calcajication of zoospores was obserued. To determine the effects of sodium and silicon compounds on calcijication, various other silicon and sodium compounds were tested but were shown to be ineffective. I n conclusion, calczjication of Phacotus lenticularis depends directly on the degree of calcium carbonate supersaturation of the medium, but the fundamental mineralization pattern does not. Our study shows that calcification in Phacotus lenticularis can be triggered and controlled by supersaturation of calcium carbonate.

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Phenomenology of organismic calcite precipitation by Phacotus in hardwater lakes and ponds of northeastern Germany

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Global Radiation and Onset of Stratification as Forcing Factors of Seasonal Carbonate and Organic Matter Flux Dynamics in a Hypertrophic Hardwater Lake (Sacrower See, Northeastern Germany)

PHACOTUS LENTICULARIS (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, PHACOTACEAE) ZOOSPORES REQUIRE EXTERNAL SUPERSATURATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE FOR CALCIFICATION IN CULTURE^1,²

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Phenomenology of organismic calcite precipitation by Phacotus in hardwater lakes and ponds of northeastern Germany

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Seasonal Variation of the Calcifying Green Alga Phacotus Lenticularis (Ehrenb.) Stein in Water Bodies under Human Influence (Mid-Western Poland)

Global Radiation and Onset of Stratification as Forcing Factors of Seasonal Carbonate and Organic Matter Flux Dynamics in a Hypertrophic Hardwater Lake (Sacrower See, Northeastern Germany)

PHACOTUS LENTICULARIS (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, PHACOTACEAE) ZOOSPORES REQUIRE EXTERNAL SUPERSATURATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE FOR CALCIFICATION IN CULTURE1,2

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PHACOTUS LENTICULARIS (CHLAMYDOMONADALES, PHACOTACEAE) ZOOSPORES REQUIRE EXTERNAL SUPERSATURATION OF CALCIUM CARBONATE FOR CALCIFICATION IN CULTURE^1,²