Phenomenology of Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Spectrum Disorders

Axelson, David; Birmaher, Boris; Strober, Michael; Gill, Mary Kay; Valeri, Sylvia; Chiappetta, Laurel; Ryan, Neal D.; Leonard, Henrietta L.; Hunt, Jeffrey; Iyengar, Satish; Bridge, Jeffrey A.; Keller, Martin B.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.10.1139

Cited by 454 publications

(472 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Strober et al (1995) reported that five years after hospitalization, 22% of adolescents with BPD had SUD, though no further description of the SUD or comparison with controls were available. More recently, Axelson et al (2006) reported a 10% rate of SUD in a younger sample of BPD although no control groups were available for comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further evidence of an association between adolescent bipolar disorder with smoking and substance use disorders: A controlled study

Wilens

Biederman

Adamson

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further evidence of an association between adolescent bipolar disorder with smoking and substance use disorders: A controlled study

Wilens

Biederman

Adamson

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…Her depressive symptoms were often present in a residual form, both between episodes of major depression and during manic episodes, leading to an overall mixed bipolar presentation. Sarah's mixed symptom presentation is frequent among other children with BD (Kraepelin 1921;Axelson et al 2006;Duax et al 2007;Algorta et al 2011). Mixed presentations result in greater psychosocial impairment and can lead to an enhanced risk of suicide as a result of the coupling of dysphoric mood and hopelessness, with elevated energy and impulsivity (Algorta et al 2011).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 Supplementation for Psychotic Mania and Comorbid Anxiety in Children

Vesco

Lehmann

Gracious

et al. 2015

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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Objectives: Therapeutic benefits of omega-3 fatty acids (O3) for mood disorders, psychosis, and anxiety have been reported in the literature. The purpose of the present article is to provide a literature review of O3 supplementation for affective disorders and to illustrate the benefits of O3 with a case presentation of a young girl with a history of bipolar disorder-type 1 with psychotic features and generalized anxiety disorder. Methods: Reviewed literature includes treatment studies of the impact of O3 on child mood disorders supplemented by review of meta-analyses within the adult mood disorders literature. The subject of this case report participated in 11 in-depth diagnostic and functional assessments over 5 years as part of an unrelated study. Three years were presupplementation and 2 years were with supplementation with no other medication changes, thus making a naturalistic multiple-baseline singlesubject experiment. Results: Augmentation over a 2 year period was notable for clinically significant and sustained improvement in depressive, manic, and psychotic symptoms. Conclusion: O3 supplementation may be a safe, adjunct intervention for treating bipolar disorder in children and adolescents, even in the presence of psychotic and anxious features. The 2 year follow-up in this case offers hope of an accumulating and enduring benefit. Further research into mechanisms of O3 action and of combination treatment with other well-known interventions for mood disorders would be beneficial.

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“…Indeed, these patients have a high risk for substance abuse, legal problems and suicide attempts. [50][51][52][53] The main factors associated with poor BD prognosis are the following: earlier age of onset, duration of symptoms, rapid cycling, mixed episodes, psychotic symptoms, comorbidities such as ADHD and anxiety disorders, low socioeconomic status, negative life events, presence of psychiatric disorders in the family, absence of psychotherapy, low adherence to pharmacological treatment, use of antidepressants and alcohol. [45][46][47][48][54][55][56] …”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

Rocha

Zeni

Caetano

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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The identification and treatment of mood disorders in children and adolescents has grown over the last decades. Major depression is one of the most common and debilitating disorders worldwide, imposing a massive burden to the youth population. Bipolar disorder is being increasingly recognized as having its roots early in life, and its presentation during childhood and adolescence has been submitted to extensive research. This review aims to highlight clinical aspects of the current knowledge on mood disorders in the pediatric population, presenting updated information on epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, and management strategies. Limitations of available evidence and future directions of research in the field are also discussed.

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Phenomenology of Children and Adolescents With Bipolar Spectrum Disorders

Abstract: Children and adolescents with BP-II and BP-NOS have a phenotype that is on a continuum with that of youth with BP-I. Elevated mood is a common feature of youth with BP-spectrum illness.

Cited by 454 publications

References 36 publications

Further evidence of an association between adolescent bipolar disorder with smoking and substance use disorders: A controlled study

Further evidence of an association between adolescent bipolar disorder with smoking and substance use disorders: A controlled study

Omega-3 Supplementation for Psychotic Mania and Comorbid Anxiety in Children

Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

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