Phenomena in homogeneous chemical systems far from equilibrium

Turing structures. Progress toward a room temperature, closed system

“…One of the major breakthroughs in the study of chemical oscillators was the introduction of the continuous flow stirred tank reactor [34] as a tool for keeping the system far from equilibrium. By combining the CSTR with a systematic design approach [35] based on a simple, generic, mathematical model [36], it became possible in the 1980s to design literally dozens of new chemical oscillators.…”

Metaphors of Consciousness

“…The repetitions of this complex cycle of processes are the underlying basis for the visible color oscillations. Specific relationships between the rates of the individual steps contribute to the persistence of the oscillatory behavior, and well-defined mathematical bounds have been derived as prerequisites for oscillations (Pacault, Hanusse, DeKepper, Vidal, & Beissonade, 1976). As this mechanism demonstrates, these oscillations occur in a parallel sense to the inexorable conversion of reactants to products, and, upon completion of the latter process (Le., the attainment of final chemical equilibrium), they must cease.…”

Chemistry of Inorganic Systems Exhibiting Nonmonotonic Behavior

“…The phenomena appears over a range of flow rates near a point of transition between oscillatory and nonoscillatory behavior, and it is common to all flow systems studied (see Table II). Boissonade (1976) has analyzed a flow system model that shows composite double oscillation. ] illustrates composite double oscillation and its sensitivity to flow rate.…”