Phenology of scyphozoan jellyfish species in a eutrophication and climate change context

Reconstructing the Biogeographic History of the Genus Aurelia Lamarck, 1816 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), and Reassessing the Nonindigenous Status of A. solida and A. coerulea in the Mediterranean Sea

“…This work aligns with previous suggestions by Lawley et al [1], Schäfer et al [58], and Moura et al [14] to reclassify A. solida in the Mediterranean Sea and remove its status as NIS. However, as it is still necessary to conduct genetic analysis on the individuals of Maldives, the type locality of A. solida, and to maintain consistency with the previous studies [11,23,58,59], we suggest keeping the current name for the time being instead of resurrecting one of the alternatives listed in Table 4. This work also suggests that A. coerulea could also be autochthonous from the Tethys Ocean, with its natural distribution range encompassing Europe and the Mediterranean Sea, potentially negating its classification as NIS.…”

“…This unique ecosystem has been under the influence of significant anthropic pressures, which have led to the development of a eutrophication process marked by frequent jellyfish blooms and, ever since 2016, regular dystrophic crises [20,21]. Due to this and the changes that the lagoon undergoes as a consequence of anthropogenic action, the Mar Menor has been the subject of monitoring of the environment and the quality of its waters through various scientific projects since 1997 [20][21][22][23]. The scyphozoan assemblage in this area consists of six different species [21], among which only the moon jellyfish, previously identified as Aurelia aurita [19] or Aurelia sp.…”

“…To identify the moon jellyfish from the Mar Menor coastal lagoon, we collected 24 individuals between 2020 and 2022 from different points within the ecosystem. Additionally, to investigate whether a replacement of the native species occurred within the context of a change in Aurelia's blooming pattern [23], we obtained one specimen from the zoology department at the University of Murcia, collected in June 1987 (Figure 1). The date and coordinates of collection along with the accession number of the genetic sequences deposited in GenBank are provided in Table 1.…”

Analysis of the Distribution Characteristics of Jellyfish and Environmental Factors in the Seawater Intake Area of the Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant in China

“…Xupeng Chi et al's study indicates that polyps have an optimal temperature tolerance of 20 • C. Under natural conditions [46,47], jellyfish growth thrives at 18.78 • C [48,49], and once the sea surface temperature surpasses 19.5 • C, the jellyfish transition from the polyp to the medusa form [50]. Jellyfish cease movement when the temperature drops below 3 • C or exceeds 35 • C [51].…”