Phenological Variation Within and Among Populations of Plathymenia reticulata in Brazilian Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest and Transitional Sites

Goulart, Maíra Figueiredo; Filho, José Pires Lemos; Lovato, Maria Bernadete

doi:10.1093/aob/mci193

Cited by 49 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Climate at local and micro scales is the key driver shaping the time of plant reproduction, particularly flowering, with consequences for the ecosystem, since it affects all chains of plants and animals interaction (Marquis 1988, Fitter and Fitter 2002, Goulart et al 2005. Consequently, plant phenology has gained importance in the context of evolutionary ecology and global change research (Fitter and Fitter 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies considering the plant phenology of the cerrado savanna at species level are sparse (e.g. Goulart et al 2005, Lenza and Klink 2006, Oliveira and Sigrist 2008, Vilela et al 2008. However, the relationship between reproductive patterns and intraspecific synchrony has not been explored for cerrado savanna species, especially in the context of environmental changes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relationship between reproductive patterns and intraspecific synchrony has not been explored for cerrado savanna species, especially in the context of environmental changes (e.g. Goulart et al 2005) and edge effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of environmental conditions associated to the cardinal orientation on the reproductive phenology of the cerrado savanna tree Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae)

Camargo

Souza

Reys

et al. 2011

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The Brazilian cerrado has undergone an intense process of fragmentation, which leads to an increase in the number of remnants exposed to edge effects and associated changes on environmental conditions that may affect the phenology of plants. This study aimed to verify whether the reproductive phenology of Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. (Annonaceae) differs under different light conditions in a cerrado sensu stricto (a woody savanna) of southeastern Brazil. We compared the reproductive phenology of X. aromatica trees distributed on east and south cardinal faces of the cerrado during monthly observations, from January 2005 to December 2008. The east face had a higher light incidence, higher temperatures and canopy openness in relation to south face. X. aromatica showed seasonal reproduction at both faces of the cerrado, but the percentage of individuals, the synchrony and duration of phenophases were higher at the east face. The study demonstrated the influence of the environmental conditions associated to the cardinal orientation of the cerrado faces on the phenological pattern of X. aromatica. Similar responses may be observed for other species, ultimately affecting patterns of floral visitation and fruit production, which reinforces the importance of considering the cardinal direction in studies of edge effects and fragmentation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of environmental conditions associated to the cardinal orientation on the reproductive phenology of the cerrado savanna tree Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae)

Camargo

Souza

Reys

et al. 2011

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…Dentre os fatores climáticos que influenciam diretamente os padrões fenológicos das espécies vegetais, a disponibilidade hídrica é relatada como o mais importante em ecossistemas tropicais sazonais (Opler et al 1976;Griz & Machado 2001;Pavon & Briones 2001). No entanto, fatores como a radiação solar, temperatura e evaporação podem atuar como sinalizadores de condições propícias à ocorrência dos eventos fenológicos, desencadeando processos fisiológicos de forma indireta (Goulart et al 2005;Stevenson et al 2008;Calle et al 2010). Dessa forma, esses fatores climáticos podem sinalizar às plantas, a proximidade temporal de condições adequadas para que determinada fase ocorra (Rathcke & Lacey 1985).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Foi realizada uma Análise de Correspondência Canônica (ACC) correlacionando-se as médias mensais dos índices de intensidade e de dados climáticos registrados durante o período de estudos (Ter Braak 1986) de modo a analisar ambos os grupos de variá-veis simultaneamente (Pavón & Briones 2001). Dessa forma foi possível investigar as relações entre os parâmetros climá-ticos e os comportamentos fenológicos da espécie estudada (Goulart et al 2005). Após análises preliminares, foram excluídas variáveis que apresentaram alta colinearidade pelo teste de correlação de Pearson e baixa correlação com os eixos 1, 2 e 3 da ordenação da ACC (-0,4 < r < 0,4).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Fenologia reprodutiva, sazonalidade e germinação de Kielmeyera regalis Saddi (Clusiaceae), espécie endêmica dos campos rupestres da Cadeia do Espinhaço, Brasil

et al. 2012

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RESUMO(Fenologia reprodutiva, sazonalidade e germinação de Kielmeyera regalis Saddi (Clusiaceae), espécie endêmica dos campos rupestres da Cadeia do Espinhaço, Brasil). A fenologia reprodutiva e a germinação de sementes foram estudadas em uma população de Kielmeyera regalis da Serra do Cipó, MG. Foram calculados os índices de atividade e intensidade de produção de botões, flores, frutos imaturos e frutos maduros ao longo de 2001. A influência do clima sobre a fenologia foi avaliada por Análise de Correspondência Canônica (CCA). A germinação foi avaliada a temperaturas constantes de 15-35 °C (com intervalos de 5 °C) em câmaras de germinação com fotoperíodo de 12 h. A variância dos dados explicada pela CCA foi de 72,8%. A temperatura média do ar, evaporação e radiação solar global apresentaram altos coeficientes de correlação com a fenologia. O florescimento ocorreu nos meses quentes e úmidos, a maturação de frutos se estendeu na estação seca e fria, e a dispersão das sementes, logo antes da estação chuvosa. A germinabilidade foi superior a 80% nas temperaturas de 20-30 °C, faixa ocorrente no período chuvoso logo após a dispersão das sementes. Comparações com outros estudos indicam que a dispersão e rápida germinação nesses períodos são fortes fatores adaptativos dentro do gênero. Os resultados são importantes para a compreensão dos fatores que afetam o sucesso reprodutivo e expansão populacional, e devem ser considerados para ações de manejo desta espécie rupestre endêmica.Palavras-chave: análise de correspondência canônica, clima, conservação, dispersão de sementes, Serra do Cipó ABSTRACT (Reproductive phenology, seasonality and germination of Kielmeyera regalis Saddi (Clusiaceae), a species endemic to rock outcrops in the Espinhaço Range, Brazil). The reproductive phenology and seed germination of a Kielmeyera regalis population, from Serra do Cipó (MG), Brazil, were studied. During 2001, the intensity and activity indices were calculated to estimate production of flower buds, flowers, and immature and mature fruits. Influence of the climate on phenology was determined by a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Germination was studied under a 12 h photoperiod at seven fixed temperatures (15-35°C at 5°C intervals). The CCA explained 72.8% of the phenological data variation. The highest correlation coefficients with phenology were observed for mean air temperature, evaporation and solar global radiation. Flowering occurred during the hot and wet season, fruit maturation extended during the entire cold and dry season, and seed dispersal peaked before the onset of the rainy season. Germinability reached values above 80% under temperatures of 20-30°C, which occurred during the rainy period, just after seed dispersal. The results of this and other studies indicate that seed dispersal just before the rainy season, and fast germination at the beginning of the rainy season, are highly adaptive traits within the genus. In addition, the results provide important information for understanding basic factors that affect r...

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Hybrid zone of a tree in a Cerrado/Atlantic Forest ecotone as a hotspot of genetic diversity and conservation

Muniz

Pimenta

Cruz

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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The Cerrado, the largest Neotropical savanna, and the Brazilian Atlantic Forest form large ecotonal areas where savanna and forest habitats occupy adjacent patches with closely related species occurring side by side, providing opportunities for hybridization. Here, we investigated the evolutionary divergence between the savanna and forest ecotypes of the widely distributed tree Plathymenia reticulata (n = 233 individuals). Genetic structure analysis of P. reticulata was congruent with the recognition of two ecotypes, whose divergence captured the largest proportion of genetic variance in the data (FCT = 0.222 and FST = 0.307). The ecotonal areas between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest constitute a hybrid zone in which a diversity of hybrid classes was observed, most of them corresponding to second‐generation hybrids (F2) or backcrosses. Gene flow occurred mainly toward the forest ecotype. The genetic structure was congruent with isolation by environment, and environmental correlates of divergence were identified. The observed pattern of high genetic divergence between ecotypes may reflect an incipient speciation process in P. reticulata. The low genetic diversity of the P. reticulata forest ecotype indicate that it is threatened in areas with high habitat loss on Atlantic Forest. In addition, the high divergence from the savanna ecotype suggests it should be treated as a different unit of management. The high genetic diversity found in the ecotonal hybrid zone supports the view of ecotones as important areas for the origin and conservation of biodiversity in the Neotropics.

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Phenological Variation Within and Among Populations of Plathymenia reticulata in Brazilian Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest and Transitional Sites

Abstract: In spite of environmental differences, P. reticulata from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado showed similar phenological behavior with only about 10% of the total diversity being attributed to differences between biomes.

Cited by 49 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of environmental conditions associated to the cardinal orientation on the reproductive phenology of the cerrado savanna tree Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae)

Effects of environmental conditions associated to the cardinal orientation on the reproductive phenology of the cerrado savanna tree Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae)

Fenologia reprodutiva, sazonalidade e germinação de Kielmeyera regalis Saddi (Clusiaceae), espécie endêmica dos campos rupestres da Cadeia do Espinhaço, Brasil

Hybrid zone of a tree in a Cerrado/Atlantic Forest ecotone as a hotspot of genetic diversity and conservation

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