Phenological variation in xylem and phloem formation in Fagus sylvatica from two contrasting sites

Prislan, Peter; Gričar, Jožica; Luis, Martín de; Smith, Kevin T.; Čufar, Katarina

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.06.001

Cited by 152 publications

(183 citation statements)

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“…In line with these findings, physiological studies have 73 repeatedly pointed to European beech as a temperature sensitive species, e.g. relative to the onset of the 74 cambial cell production and growth period (Murray et al, 1989;Prislan et al, 2013), leaf unfolding (Prislan 75 et al, 2013, and leaf growing period (Tikvic et al, 2006). …”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Reconstruction of a 253-year long mast record of European beech reveals its association with large scale temperature variability and no long-term trend in mast frequencies

Drobyshev

Niklasson

Mazerolle

et al. 2014

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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Reconstruction of a 253-year long mast record of European beech reveals its association with large scale temperature variability and no long-term trend in mast frequencies. Agricultural and forest meteorology. 31MYs were strongly associated with both the 500 mb height anomalies and average summer temperatures 32 during two years preceding a MY: a mast year (t) followed a cold summer two years (t-2) prior to the mast 33 year and a warm summer one year prior (t-1) to the mast year. During t-2 years, the geographical pattern of 34 500 mb height anomalies exhibited a strong height depression in the region centered in the Northern Sea 35 and extending towards eastern North America and statistically significant (p < 0.05) temperature anomalies 36 covering predominantly southern Scandinavia (area below 60 N) and British Isles. A year immediately 37 preceding a mast year (t-1) was characterized by a strong regional high pressure anomaly centered in 38 southern Scandinavia with significant temperature anomalies extended mostly over southern Scandinavia 39 and Germany. 40The long-term mean MY return interval was 6.3 years, with 50 and 90% probabilities of MY occurrence 41 corresponding to 6 and 15 years, respectively. Periods with intervals significantly shorter than the long-42 term mean were observed around 1820 -1860 and 1990 -2006 (means -3.9 and 3.2 years, respectively). 43However, the difference in return intervals between two sub-periods themselves was not significant. 59Fagaceae family (Hiroki and Matsubara, 1995; Hilton and Packham, 2003). At tree level, such events 60 imply large shifts in resource allocation towards reproductive organs, suggesting trade-offs between seed 61 production and biomass accumulation (Monks and Kelly, 2006; Drobyshev et al., 2010). At the stand and 62 regional levels, mast years are important for species regeneration and subsequent canopy dynamics 63 (Emborg, 1998; Frey et al., 2007; Barna, 2011), as well as for dynamics of animal species utilizing beech 64 seeds as a food resource (Schnurr et al., 2002; Clotfelter et al., 2007; Jensen et al., 2012). Mast seeding, 65 specifically of Fagus spp., has been widely acknowledged in forestry as a way to promote natural tree 66 regeneration on clearcut areas (Henriksen, 1988;Övergaard et al., 2007; Bileik et al., 2009). 67Mast years in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) have been shown to be strongly affected by annual 68 climatic variability. Temperature dynamics apparently plays the major role in controlling mast events 69 (Piovesan and Adams, 2001). Warm and dry conditions were typically observed during the summers 70 preceding the mast year, and cold summers with sufficient amount of precipitation were often observed two 71 years prior to a mast year. A study in southern Sweden has revealed a strong effect of temperature on beech 72 masting behavior (Drobyshev et al., 2010). In line with these findings, physiological studies have 73 repeatedly pointed to European beech as a temperature sensitive species, e.g. relative to the onset of t...

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mentioning

confidence: 72%

Reconstruction of a 253-year long mast record of European beech reveals its association with large scale temperature variability and no long-term trend in mast frequencies

Drobyshev

Niklasson

Mazerolle

et al. 2014

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

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“…2). In natural stands, the onset of cambial activity occurs within a relatively narrow range of daily minimum air temperature (+2 to +7°C in 80% of the data; Rossi et al 2008), resulting in altitudinal gradients of cambium resumption (Moser et al 2010;Oladi et al 2010;Prislan et al 2013). Moreover, the resumption of cambial activity can be triggered during late winter by an artificial heating of tree stems (Oribe et al 2003;Begum et al 2007Begum et al , 2010.…”

Section: The Phenology Of Wood Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the cessation of the division of cambial initials in late summer or autumn occurs at considerably milder temperatures than those for spring resumption (between +5°C and +13°C for gymnosperms, Rossi et al 2008), but cessation can be hastened by artificial cooling (Gričar et al 2007). This equivocal role of temperature results in the absence of clear altitudinal gradients in the timing of the cessation of cambial activity (Moser et al 2010;Oladi et al 2010;Prislan et al 2013). This body of results clearly demonstrates that cambium division does not simply respond to the occurrence of certain temperature thresholds but that other environmental cues are involved in the timing of cambium activity.…”

Section: The Phenology Of Wood Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These references document distinct patterns among tree functional types with regard to the relative onsets of cambium division and leaf appearance. In the majority of diffuse-porous trees, the onset of cambium division occurs simultaneously with or a few days after budburst (Suzuki et al 1996;Čufar et al 2008;Michelot et al 2012;Prislan et al 2013), though delays of several weeks have been observed in a number of species (e.g., as long as 8 weeks in Carpinus betulus; Delaporte (2010)). Ring-porous trees are relatively more vulnerable to freezing-induced embolism than diffuse-porous species (Cochard and Tyree 1990).…”

Section: Integrated Phenology At the Tree Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, these models do not shed light on the underlying processes that drive cambial phenology and, thus, cannot be used in a prognostic way in deterministic models of tree functioning, such as TEMs. Other modeling efforts have demonstrated that the classical growing-degree-day approach, based on the calculation of temperature sums above a given threshold (e.g., +5°C) from a given date (e.g., Jan. 1), is not a good predictor of the onset of cambium activity (Seo et al 2008;Prislan et al 2013;Takahashi and Koike 2014) unless parameters are fit to the data (David 2011;N. Delpierre, unpublished results).…”

Section: Modeling the Phenology Of Wood Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

Delpierre

Vitasse

Chuine

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

212

192

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Abstract& Key message We demonstrate that, beyond leaf phenology, the phenological cycles of wood and fine roots present clear responses to environmental drivers in temperate and boreal trees. These drivers should be included in terrestrial ecosystem models. & Context In temperate and boreal trees, a dormancy period prevents organ development during adverse climatic conditions. Whereas the phenology of leaves and flowers has received considerable attention, to date, little is known regarding the phenology of other tree organs such as wood, fine roots, fruits, and reserve compounds. & Aims Here, we review both the role of environmental drivers in determining the phenology of tree organs and the models used to predict the phenology of tree organs in temperate and boreal forest trees. & Results Temperature is a key driver of the resumption of tree activity in spring, although its specific effects vary among organs. There is no such clear dominant environmental cue involved in the cessation of tree activity in autumn and in the onset of dormancy, but temperature, photoperiod, and water stress appear as prominent factors. The phenology of a given organ is, to a certain extent, influenced by processes in distant organs. & Conclusion Inferring past trends and predicting future trends of tree phenology in a changing climate requires specific phenological models developed for each organ to consider the phenological cycle as an ensemble in which the environmental cues that trigger each phase are also indirectly involved in the subsequent phases. Incorporating such models into terrestrial ecosystem models (TEMs) would likely improve the accuracy of their predictions. The extent to which the coordination of the phenologies of tree organs will be affected in a changing climate deserves further research.

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The onset of xylogenesis in Smith fir is not related to outer bark thickness

Rossi

Liang

2019

American J of Botany

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Premise The resumption of stem growth varies across the ontogenetic development of trees. Compared with younger trees, older ones have thicker outer bark with a temperature‐insulating effect that could potentially prevent the stem from warming in the spring. However, the question of whether xylogenesis in old trees is influenced by the thick bark still remains unresolved. Methods We investigated the onset of xylogenesis across the ontogenetic development of Smith fir (Abies georgei var. smithii) trees in the Sygera Mountains, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The outer bark of older trees was also removed. Xylogenesis was monitored in microcores we collected every 3 days during May and June in 2017. Results Xylogenesis began in late May in young (<50 yr) and mature (50–100 yr) trees, 1 week earlier than in adult (>100–150 yr) and old (>150–200 yr) trees. Older (>200 yr) trees had the latest onset of xylogenesis, 2 weeks after young trees. The resumption of xylogenesis was similar between the control and bark‐removed trees. Conclusions Growth resumption was delayed in older and bigger trees. Outer bark did not affect the onset of xylogenesis, which indicated that the delayed resumption of growth during the lifespan of trees could be more related to endogenous factors than to an insulating effect of the thick bark of older individuals.

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Phenological variation in xylem and phloem formation in Fagus sylvatica from two contrasting sites

Cited by 152 publications

References 46 publications

Reconstruction of a 253-year long mast record of European beech reveals its association with large scale temperature variability and no long-term trend in mast frequencies

Reconstruction of a 253-year long mast record of European beech reveals its association with large scale temperature variability and no long-term trend in mast frequencies

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

The onset of xylogenesis in Smith fir is not related to outer bark thickness

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