Phenological phases of introduced peach varieties

Abstract

Abstract. The article provides information on the phenological phases of peach plant varieties, such as bud opening, flowering, fruit ripening and end of vegetation. The purpose of the research is the study of agrobiological features of newly introduced peach varieties in Guba-Khachmaz region Azerbaijan from Spain, as well as the active development phases of varieties and selection of high-yielding varieties adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the region. Materials and methodology. The research work was carried out on 18 varieties of peach and nectarine, introduced from Spain and planted in 2014: Melox-26, Melox-31, Melox-37, Netix-25, Netix-28, Netix-30, Netix-34, Redix-25, Redix-27, Redix-30, Redix-2-110, Malix-25, Malix-36, Malix-145, Guayox-30, Guayox-35, Gartairo, Gardeta. Fadai was used as a control variety. Research work on the basis of generally accepted methodology (“Methodology and program of sorting of fruits, berries and nut crops ”, Michurinsk 1973; G. E.Schultz, 1981) conducted. Results. Observations over the years of research show that the average duration of ripening of peach varieties is 82–163 days. Depending on the economic-biological characteristics of peach and nectarine varieties introduced in Guba-Khachmaz economic region and soil-climatic features of the area, the vegetation period from the opening of shoots to the end of leaf fall lasted 229–235 days. The effective air temperature (sum of temperatures above +5 °C) at the end of leaf fall was 3676.3–3815.8 °C depending on the varieties.