Phenological growth stages of<i>Solanum sessiliflorum</i>according to BBCH scale

Moreno, C.; Quiñones, J.R.; Jiménez, Pedro

doi:10.1111/aab.12251

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Trialeurodes vaporariorum was reared in Plexiglass cages (40×40×50 cm) on tomato plants of six weeks old, corresponding to the stage 2 (i.e., formation of side shoots for Solanaceae) according to the BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische industrie) scale on the description of plant phenological stages (Moreno et al 2016). The whitefly adults were allowed to oviposit for three days, after which the infested plants were transferred to a greenhouse (28±5°C, 60±10% RH).…”

Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Cues From Honeydew and Cuticular Extracts of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum Serve as Kairomones for The Parasitoid Encarsia Formosa

et al. 2022

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Kairomones are semiochemicals that are emitted by an organism of different species to the organism receiver which benefits from these chemical substances. Parasitoids find and recognise their hosts through eavesdropping on the kairomones emitted from the by-products or body of the hosts. Hemipteran insect pests feed on plant sap and excrete the digested plant materials as honeydew. Honeydew serves as a nutritional food source for parasitoids and a medium for micro-organisms whose activity induces the release of volatiles exploited by parasitoids for host location. The parasitoid Encarsia formosa preferentially parasitises its host, the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, on tomato Solanum lycopersicum, but little is known about the chemicals that mediate these interactions. We investigated the olfactory responses of the parasitoid E. formosa to odours from honeydew and nymphs of T. vaporariorum in a Y-tube olfactometer. Arrestment behaviour of the parasitoid to honeydew and nymph extracts, as well as to synthetic hydrocarbons, was also observed in Petri-dish bioassays. We found that T. vaporariorum honeydew volatiles attracted the parasitoid E. formosa but odours from the whitefly nymphs did not. We also found that the parasitoid spent more time searching on areas treated with extracts of honeydew and nymphs than on untreated areas. Gas-chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis revealed that the honeydew volatiles contained compounds such as (Z)-3-hexenol, 3-carene, 3-octanone, α-phellandrene, methyl salicylate, β-ocimene, β-myrcene and (E)-β-caryophyllene which are known to be attractive to E. formosa. The cuticular extracts of the nymphs predominantly contained alkanes, alkenes and esters. Among the alkanes, synthetic of nonacosane arrested the parasitoid. Our findings are discussed in relation to how the parasitoid E. formosa uses these chemicals to locate its host, T. vaporariorum.

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Section: Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Cues From Honeydew and Cuticular Extracts of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum Serve as Kairomones for The Parasitoid Encarsia Formosa

et al. 2022

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“…The BBCH scale, abbreviation derived from Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical Industry (BBCH Scale) (Meier et al, 2009), is one of the phenological scales developed for the description of the phenological growth and development stages for monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. Over the years, the BBCH scale has been further developed and adopted for various crop species, including Solanum species such as potato (S. tuberosum; Hack et al, 1993), tree tomato (Solanum betaceum; Acosta-Quezada et al, 2016), cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum; Moreno, Quiñones, & Jiménez, 2016) and eggplant (Solanum melongena;Feller et al, 1995aFeller et al, , 1995b, among others.…”

Section: The Bbch Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented descriptions of growth and development stages of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown from different types of planting material

Kacheyo¹,

Dijk

Vries³

et al. 2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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The recent invention of hybrid breeding technology for potato has led to an increased interest in hybrid potato R&D. Hybrid true potato seeds (TPS) are used to produce planting materials such as transplants and seedling tubers, but can also be used for direct seeding of seed or ware crops. Transplants and seedling tubers can be used to produce seed tubers or ware tubers. The rise in R&D in hybrid breeding creates the need for phenological scales of growth and development of plants produced by the various planting material types of hybrid-TPS. The BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical Industry) scale is one of the phenological scales developed for the description of the growth and development stages of plants. In 1993, a BBCH scale with descriptions for potato plants was released. The original BBCH scale gave standardised descriptions for TPS-and tuber-grown plants.Differences in the morphology of plants originating from the different planting materials in terms of types of branches and differences in below-ground growth and development were not included. Moreover, for reproductive growth stages, crucial for hybrid breeding, the original scale is incomplete as it does not carefully take the complex sympodial branching into account. Methods of describing growth of tubers and berries are complex and impossible to use when final tuber mass or berry size is unknown. The current paper augments the original BBCH scale, while retaining its structure and logic. It provides alternative and comprehensive descriptions of growth stages suitable for potato plants grown from different types of planting materials, and for all end uses of these plants. The proposed scale is detailed enough for research and breeding but still general enough for agricultural use.

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“…Ademais, dentre seus ativos já caracterizados encontram-se cálcio, ferro, fósforo, magnésio, potássio, zinco e vitamina C(PIRES et al, 2006). Seus frutos podem ser consumidos tanto in natura quanto em formas processadas como geleias, doces, molhos, sucos e outros(MORENO et al, 2015).Trata-se de uma planta cujo a polinização majoritária é autógama no entanto a alogamia ocorre com frequência (PAIVA, 1999), sendo uma planta diplóide (2n) com 24 cromossomos(BRUCHER 1968). Sua seleção e domesticação ocorreu através de seleção de características ligadas ao fruto como: frutos maiores, melhor sabor e também características ligadas a planta como um todo como: resistência a nematoides e plantas sem espinhos (DUARTE E PAULL, 2015).…”

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Respostas bioquímicas e ecofisiológicas em plantas de cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum) submetidas a limitação hídrica

Silva¹

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As mudanças climáticas, cada vez mais explícitas, trazem sérios riscos a agricultura em geral, uma vez que frequentemente são registrados aumentos de temperaturas globais e diminuição, ou até mesmo ausências, de períodos chuvosos. Dessa forma, a busca por materiais que atendam tanto a necessidade de alta produção como também apresente tolerância a situações ambientais desfavoráveis ao desenvolvimento vegetal é cada vez mais demandadas para inserção na agricultura. Solanum sessiliflorum é uma planta herbácea que possui sistema radicular bem desenvolvido e frutos de características mescladas de tomate e berinjela e com grande potencial para exploração comercial. Outra característica interessante de plantas dessa espécie é que sua base genética é ampla, com grande rusticidade e ainda pouco estudada. Dessa forma, S. sessiliflorum é uma excelente candidata para busca de genes que possam ser utilizadas no melhoramento de Solanaceaes já consagradas na agricultura ou até mesmo sua própria inserção no mercado. Por essas e outras características, surgiu o interesse de estudar essa espécie que pode servir como rota de escape para driblar a homeostase imposta por sucessivos ciclos de melhoramento genético vegetal em plantas agrícolas, em especial as Solanaceaes. Sendo assim, este trabalho buscou caracterizar as respostas ecofisiológicas e bioquímicas de S. sessiliflorum submetidas a limitação hídrica e assim ampliar o entendimento do comportamento da cultura em situação de estresse abiótico e futuramente utilizar essas informações em programas de melhoramento e biotecnológicos. A partir das análises realizadas constatou-se que a limitação hídrica afeta processos essenciais como trocas gasosas e metabolismo, alguns em maior magnitude, refletindo principalmente em retardo no desenvolvimento e menor crescimento. No entanto, verificou-se que a reidratação dos tecidos vegetais levou a respostas positivas aos parâmetros avaliados, podendo indicar a não ocorrência de danos severos durante o período de limitação hídrica.Palavras-Chave: Déficit Hídrico. Solanaceae. Trocas gasosas. Metabolismo primário.

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Phenological growth stages ofSolanum sessiliflorumaccording to BBCH scale

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Chemical Cues From Honeydew and Cuticular Extracts of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum Serve as Kairomones for The Parasitoid Encarsia Formosa

Chemical Cues From Honeydew and Cuticular Extracts of Trialeurodes Vaporariorum Serve as Kairomones for The Parasitoid Encarsia Formosa

Augmented descriptions of growth and development stages of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown from different types of planting material

Respostas bioquímicas e ecofisiológicas em plantas de cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum) submetidas a limitação hídrica

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